cell transport Flashcards
What are the 3 types of cell transport?
Diffusion, osmosis and active transport
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient
What is osmosis?
The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of water through a partially permeable membrane.
What is active transport?
The movement of dissolved substances from a low concentration to a high concentration.
State three places where diffusion occurs in the body.
Small intestines, lungs, kidneys
What is a concentration gradient?
The difference in concentration between two areas next to each other.
What three factors affect rate of diffusion?
Concentration gradient, temperature, surface area.
What is surface area to volume ratio?
The size of a surface compared to its volume.
What is a partially permeable membrane?
A membrane that lets some but not all substances through.
What is a hypertonic solution?
A solution where the concentration is higher outside the cell
What happens to an animal cell in a hypertonic solution?
It will lose water by osmosis and shrivel.
What happens to an animal cell in a hypotonic solution?
It will absorb water by osmosis and get bigger/burst.
What is a hypotonic solution?
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution
Why does active transport need to occur in root hair cells?
Because the minerals are at a higher concentration in the roots than in the soil.
Why does active transport need to occur in the gut?
Because the glucose in the blood is at a higher concentration than in the gut.
