Cell Theory and Structure Flashcards
The _ is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things
Cell
What are the 3 main ideas of cell theory?
1.) All living things are made up of cells
2.) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things
3.) All cells arise for a previous living cell
What are the 4 main functions of cells?
1.) Create Protein
2.) Maintain Homeostasis
3.) Create new daughter cells
4.) Produce Energy
An outer covering made up of phospholipids that separates a cells interior from its surrounding environment
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
The region outside the nucleus but inside the plasma membrane. Is made up of cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Genetic Material of the cell
DNA
Molecular machines that synthesize proteins
Ribosomes
_ is a single celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles
Prokaryotes (Bacterium)
Majority of Prokaryotic DNA is found in the _
Nucleoid
_ contain a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and multiple linear chromosomes
Eukaryotes
organelles consist of a _ _
double membrane
Double membranes are important because they
-help protect DNA
-prevent enzymes and external fluids from destroying the cytoplasm of the cell
known as the “Control Center”
- the specific location that contains DNA which encodes for all instructions for the cell
Nucleus
The 3 parts that make up a nucleus are
1.) Nuclear Membrane
2.) Nucleolus
3.) Nuclear Pores
A bilayer membrane that surrounds the nucleus
Nuclear Membrane
Where small and large subunits of ribosomes are made.
Made up of protein and rRNA
Nucleolus
Made up of protein and regulate movement of molecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
Nuclear Pores
Known as the Power House of the cell
Mitochondria
Known as the “Roads” of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum (EPR)
known as the “shippers”
Golgi Apparatus
The 3 filaments that make up the Cytoskeleton
Microfilament
Intermediate Filament
Microtubules
Known as the factory of the cell
Ribosomes
Each pair of centrioles consists of _ triplets
9 triplets
One triplet contains _ microtubules
3
The two main types of cells
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
known as the clean up units of the Eukaryotic cell
Lysosomes
True or False: The Mitochondria is NOT found in a Prokaryote
True
Cell Junction that attaches to ECM and helps tighten the cells together
Desmosomes
Known as the detox units of the animal (eukaryotic) cell
Peroxisome
Plant cells and animal cells both have _
Ribosomes
Cell junction that consists of connexons that allow substances such as Ions, glucose, and amino acids to pass through channel connecting cells
Gap Junctions (GJ)
There are _ triplets in a pair of Centrioles
18
both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells contain _
Ribosomes
Cell junction that blocks materials from traveling through the small spaces between cells
Tight Junction (TJ)
Glues cells together to form tissue
Extra cellular Matrix (ECM)
What role do centrioles play in eukaryotes?
Mitosis ( Cell division)
how many microtubules in a pair of centrioles?
54
There are how many proteins found in connexons?
6
The ECM is made up of _ and _
Collagen and Glycoproteins
