Cell Theory Flashcards
see unified cell theory
Cell theory
rigid cell covering made of various molecules that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives shape to the cell
Cell wall
large plant cell organelle that regulates the cell’s storage compartment, holds water, and plays a significant role in cell growth as the site of macromolecule degradation
Central vacuole
region in animal cells made of two centrioles
Centrosome
green pigment that captures the light energy that drives the light reactions of photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis
Chloroplast
protein-DNA complex that serves as the building material of chromosomes
Chromatin
structure within the nucleus that is made up of chromatin that contains DNA, the hereditary material
Chromosome
(plural = cilia) short, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane in large numbers and is used to move an entire cell or move substances along the outer surface of the cell
Cilium
entire region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope, consisting of organelles suspended in the gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and various chemicals
Cytoplasm
network of protein fibers that collectively maintain the shape of the cell, secure some organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enable unicellular organisms to move independently
Cytoskeleton
gel-like material of the cytoplasm in which cell structures are suspended
Cytosol
linkage between adjacent epithelial cells that forms when cadherins in the plasma membrane attach to intermediate filaments
Desmosome
an instrument that magnifies an object using a beam of electrons passed and bent through a lens system to visualize a specimen
Electron microscope
group of organelles and membranes in eukaryotic cells that work together modifying, packaging, and transporting lipids and proteins
Endomembrane system
series of interconnected membranous structures within eukaryotic cells that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other membrane-bound compartments or sacs
Eukaryotic cell
material (primarily collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans) secreted from animal cells that provides mechanical protection and anchoring for the cells in the tissue
Extracellular matrix