Cell Sturctures And Functions B Level

Question 1

State the two basic shared structural features of all cells.

Answer 1

Plasma membrane(cell membrane). 
Genetic material in the form of dna.

Question 2

Describe the structure of the cell membrane

Answer 2

The cell membrane is made of a double-layered sheet called a phospholipid bilayer. Carbohydrates attached to proteins in the membrane act as markers for cell identification. Other proteins in the membrane form channels and pumps.

Question 3

List and define the main three types of solutions as they compare to cells and describe their effects on cells.

Answer 3

Hypertonic solution - A solution with a higher concentration of dissolved substances (solutes) than the inside of a cell. It causes a cell to shrink as water leaves the cell.
Hypotonic solution - A solution with a lower concentration of dissolved substances (solutes) than the inside of a cell. It causes a cell to swell and possibly burst as water enters the cell.
Isotonic solution - A solution with the same concentration of dissolved substances (solutes) as the inside of a cell. IT causes a cell to keep its normal shape as water enters and leaves at the same rate.

Question 4

The function of the ribosome

Answer 4

puts amino acids together to build proteins.

Question 5

Rough ER function

Answer 5

Holds ribosomes and modifies proteins and then transports them to the golgi apparatus.

Question 6

Smooth ER Function

Answer 6

Lipids(fats) are put together here.

Question 7

Vacuole function

Answer 7

Storage area for water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates.

Question 8

Golgi Apparatus function

Answer 8

Changes, sorts and packages proteins from the ER for storage or to be moved out of the cell.