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Biology Exam 1 > Cell Structure/Function & Obtaining Energy > Flashcards

Cell Structure/Function & Obtaining Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the smallest unit of life?

A

cell

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2
Q

What is a Kingdom of Eukarya?

a. Bacteria
b. Archea
c. Protista
d. Reptiles

A

c. Protista

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3
Q

What is a domain that contains prokaryotes?

a. Archaea
b. Eukarya
c. Amoeba
d. Flagellates

A

a. Archaea

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4
Q

Does the phrase represent prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both.

-has a cell membrane

A

both

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5
Q

Does the phrase represent prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both.

-has a nucleus

A

eukaryotes

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6
Q

Does the phrase represent prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both.

-DNA is in a loop

A

prokaryotes

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7
Q

Does the phrase represent prokaryotes, eukaryotes or both.

-evolved earlier

A

prokaryotes

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8
Q

What do plant cells have that animal cells do NOT have?

a. vacuole
b. cell wall
c. cytoplasm
d. vacuole and cell wall

A

d. vacuole and cell wall

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9
Q

What organelle in plant cells has the function of making glucose from sunlight?

a. cell wall
b. vacuole
c. mitochondria
d. chloroplast

A

d. chloroplast

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10
Q

The polar head of a phospholipid molecule faces and ‘loves’ water making it hydrophilic.
T/F

A

True

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11
Q

What below requires extra energy?

a. passive transport
b. osmosis
c. something that moves from a high concentration to a low concentration
d. something that moves from a low concentration to a high concentration

A

d. something that moves from a low concentration to a high concentration

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12
Q

Phagocytosis requires cellular energy.

T/F

A

True

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13
Q

What type of membrane transport is selective?

a. passive transport
b. facilitated transport
c. dissociation
d. diffusion

A

b. facilitated transport

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14
Q

What is moving across the cell membrane during osmosis?

A

water

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15
Q

If an animal cell is submerged into a hypertonic solution, water moves _______ the cell and the cell ____________.

a. out of; shrivels
b. into; shrivels
c. out of; bursts
d. into; bursts

A

a. out of; shrivels

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16
Q

What is the flow of information within a cell?

A

DNA->RNA->protein

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17
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, Nucleus?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

F. genetic control center

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18
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, rough endoplasmic reticulum?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

E. makes proteins

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19
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

C. makes lipids

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20
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, Golgi apparatus?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

D. modifies and packages proteins

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21
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, mitochondria?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

B. makes a lot of ATP

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22
Q 
What is the function of this organelle, lysosomes?
A. has enzymes to digest food
B. makes a lot of ATP
C. makes lipids
D. modifies and packages proteins
E. makes proteins
F. genetic control center
A

A. has enzymes to digest food

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23
Q

What organelle is not part of the endomembrane system?

a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. nucleus
c. mitochondria
d. golgi apparatus

A

c. mitochondria

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24
Q

Cell part functions. What is the function of the the centriole?
A. multiple hair like projections for movement of cell and substances on or near the cell
B. tail-like apparatus used for moving a cell
C. part of the process of separating chromosomes during cell division

A

C. part of the process of separating chromosomes during cell division

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25
Q

Cell part functions. What is the function of the the flagellum?
A. multiple hair like projections for movement of cell and substances on or near the cell
B. tail-like apparatus used for moving a cell
C. part of the process of separating chromosomes during cell division

A

B. tail-like apparatus used for moving a cell

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26
Q

Cell part functions. What is the function of the the cilia?
A. multiple hair like projections for movement of cell and substances on or near the cell
B. tail-like apparatus used for moving a cell
C. part of the process of separating chromosomes during cell division

A

A. multiple hair like projections for movement of cell and substances on or near the cell

27
Q

What is the energy currency of a cell?

A

ATP

28
Q

What is the primary source of energy for all living organisms?

A

sun

29
Q

What do the letters of ATP stand for?

a. activating triple phosphate
b. adenosine triphosphate
c. actual timed potential
d. active true property

A

b. adenosine triphosphate

30
Q

Energy released from exergonic reactions is used for endergonic reactions.
T/F

A

True

31
Q

What cell functions require ATP?

a. active transport
b. movement of the cell
c. movement of cilia and flagella
d. all require ATP

A

d. all require ATP

32
Q

What organelle of plant cells is responsible for making a lot of ATP?

A

mitochondria

33
Q

What type of molecule is an enzyme?

a. protein
b. carbohydrate
c. lipid
d. nucleic acid

A

a. protein

34
Q

What determines the function of a protein?

A

its shape

35
Q

A substrate is also called the active site of an enzyme.

T/F

A

False

36
Q

What is the term for all of the chemical reactions in the body?

a. homeostasis
b. photosynthesis
c. cellular respiration
d. metabolism

A

d. metabolism

37
Q

What is the correct chemical reaction for cellular respiration?

a. glucose + oxygen + ADP + phosphate -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
b. carbon dioxide + water + ATP -> glucose + oxygen + ADP + phosphate
c. carbon dioxide + water + light -> glucose + oxygen
d. glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + light

A

a. glucose + oxygen + ADP + phosphate -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP

38
Q

Match the process to where it occurs in a cell. Glycolysis?
A. mitochondria
B. chloroplast
C. cytoplasm

A

C. cytoplasm

39
Q

Match the process to where it occurs in a cell. Cellular respiration?
A. mitochondria
B. chloroplast
C. cytoplasm

A

A. mitochondria

40
Q

Match the process to where it occurs in a cell. Photosynthesis?
A. mitochondria
B. chloroplast
C. cytoplasm

A

B. chloroplast

41
Q

What is the net number of ATP that are formed from glycolysis?

A

2

42
Q

What is the total number of ATP that are formed from both glycolysis and cellular respiration?

A

36

43
Q

What macromolecule provides the most calories per gram?

a. proteins
b. carbohydrates
c. nucleic acids
d. lipids

A

d. lipids

44
Q

Where is glycogen stored in the human body?

A

liver and skeletal muscle cells

45
Q

When does fermentation occur in the human body?

a. when no oxygen is available to the cell
b. when there is no glucose available to the cell
c. when the cell starts making proteins
d. when the cell starts to divide

A

a. when no oxygen is available to the cell

46
Q

Plants are self-nourishing and are called _________.

A

autotrophs

47
Q

Match the specific ‘waves’ with the appropriate energy. GAMA.
A. medium waves with medium energy
B. long waves with low energy
C. short waves with high energy

A

C. short waves with high energy

48
Q

Match the specific ‘waves’ with the appropriate energy. RADIO.
A. medium waves with medium energy
B. long waves with low energy
C. short waves with high energy

A

B. long waves with low energy

49
Q

Match the specific ‘waves’ with the appropriate energy. VISIBLE LIGHT.
A. medium waves with medium energy
B. long waves with low energy
C. short waves with high energy

A

A. medium waves with medium energy

50
Q

Your blue back pack looks that color because it is absorbing blue light.
T/F

A

False

51
Q

What is one way that carbon is released into the atmosphere?

a. burning of fossil fuels
b. animal respiration
c. plant respiration
d. all are correct

A

d. all are correct

52
Q

What is NOT a greenhouse gas?

a. water
b. nitrous oxide
c. carbon dioxide
d. methane

A

a. water

53
Q

The greenhouse effect is a natural occurrence that if it didn’t occur our plant would be VERY cold.
T/F

A

True

54
Q

What is NOT one of the four kingdoms of Eukarya?

a. Archaea
b. Plantae
c. Fungi
d. Animalia
e. Protista

A

a. Archaea

55
Q

What do ALL cells have?

a. nucleus
b. cell wall
c. ribosomes
d. flagella
e. cilia

A

c. ribosomes

56
Q

If a cell is placed into a HYPOTONIC solution, where does the water move and what happens to the cell?

a. into the cell and the cell bursts
b. out of the cell and the cell bursts
c. into the cell and the cell shrinks
d. out of the cell and the cell shrinks
e. water doesn’t move and the cell stays the same

A

a. into the cell and the cell bursts

57
Q

What form of movement into and out of the cell has solutes moving from a low concentration to a high concentration?

a. osmosis
b. facilitated diffusion
c. passive transport
d. active transport
e. facilitated diffusion and passive transport

A

d. active transport

58
Q

What organelle of a cell are sacs of digestive enzymes?

a. Golgi apparatus
b. lysosome
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
e. endoplasmic reticulum

A

b. lysosome

59
Q

What is another word for catalyst?

a. protein
b. lipid
c. enzyme
d. sugar
e. glycolysis

A

c. enzyme

60
Q

Where does glycolysis occur in a cell?

a. mitochondrion
b. Golgi apparatus
c. chloroplast
d. nucleus
e. cytoplasm

A

e. cytoplasm

61
Q

How many ATP molecules are made from glycolysis?

a. 0
b. 2
c. 32
d. 36
e. 42

A

b. 2

62
Q

What cellular function does NOT require ATP?

a. cell movement
b. movement of cilia
c. phagocytosis
d. active transport
e. osmosis

A

e. osmosis

63
Q

What is the primary source of energy for living organisms?

a. glucose
b. fats
c. sun
d. plants
e. water

A

c. sun

Biology Exam 1 (4 decks)

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