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life science > Cell Structure (chapter 4) > Flashcards

Cell Structure (chapter 4) Flashcards

0
Q

What are the two molecules that make up cellular membranes?

A

Lipids & Protiens

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1
Q

What is the thin covering that forms the outer boundary of a cell?

A

Cell Membrane

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2
Q

What is the movement of substances through a membrane without the use of cell’s own energy?

A

Passive Transport

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3
Q

Name the two types of passive transport.

A

Diffusion & Osmosis

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4
Q

What is it called when molecules move from a place where there are many of them (high concentration) to a place where there are a few of them (low concentration)?

A

Diffusion

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5
Q

Name an example of diffusion.

A

Perfume molecules leaving an open bottle and spreading throughout the room OR Sugar dissolving in a glass of water.

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6
Q

What can accelerate diffusion?

A

Heat, movement and pressure

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7
Q

What is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane?

A

Osmosis

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8
Q

What is a structure in cells that stores various types of materials? They are used as containers inside the cytoplasm of some cells.

A

Vacuoles

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9
Q

Who was known for grinding his own lenses to view tiny organisms?

A

Leeuwenhoek

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10
Q

What is it called when a cell uses its own energy to move substances through a membrane?

A

Active transport

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11
Q

Name the three basic parts of a cell.

A

Cellular boundaries, cytoplasm, genetic material

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12
Q

What is the thick fluid inside the cell membrane?

A

Cytoplasm

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13
Q

What are parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive? They are found inside the cytoplasm.

A

Organelles

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14
Q

What is the cells powerhouse?

A

Mitochondria

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15
Q

A series of folded membranes found in the cytoplasm of cells that allows substances to move from one part of the cell to another.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

16
Q

Tiny organelles that direct the assembling of proteins.

A

Ribosomes

17
Q

An organelle responsible for packing substances that are then released from the cell.

A

Golgi apparatus

18
Q

What circulates in the cytoplasm and uses their enzymes as a demolition crew by digesting substances that are no longer needed.

A

Lysosomes

19
Q

What is the organelle that contains substances and structures needed to carry on photosynthesis? They contain chlorophyll.

A

Chloroplasts

20
Q

Some cells have tiny little hairlike structures on the outside of the cell that are extensions of the cell membrane. They are used in cellular movement. What are these called?

A

Cilia

21
Q

Longer than cilia, these whiplike structures are used in cellular movement.

A

Flagella

22
Q

The control center for a cell.

A

Nucleus

23
Q

What is inside the nucleus that is composed of DNA and other molecules?

A

Chromosomes

24
Q

Why is a compound light microscope is called compound?

A

It uses two lenses

25
Q

A student views a specimen through a microscope using 10x eyepiece and a 44x objective. The image of the specimen is enlarged by how much!

A

440 times

26
Q

Which of the following does not belong with the other 3: nucleus, DNA, chromosomes, cilia

A

Cilia

27
Q

T/F: Cell membranes have 1 basic design, but there are many variations of that design in different types of cells.

A

True

28
Q

T/F: Mitochondria have two layers of membranes and the inner membrane is folded into ridges.

A

True

29
Q

T/F: Flagella are generally shorter and found in greater numbers on a cell than are cilia.

A

False

30
Q

T/F: the inner membranes of chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.

A

True

31
Q

A medical doctor who examines human tissues, blood and other body fluids to diagnose diseases and disorders is called a: Pathologist or a Podiatrist.

A

Pathologist

32
Q

Chlorophyll is to chloroplast as DNA is to what?

A

Nucleus

33
Q

Name the 2 types of passive transport.

A

Diffusion & Osmosis

life science (6 decks)

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