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Easy Bio IGCSE > Cell structure and organisation > Flashcards

Cell structure and organisation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Plant cell

A 
☻ cell wall
☻ cell membrane
☻ cytoplasm
☻ nucleus
☻ chloroplast
☻ large vacuole sap
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2
Q

Cell wall properties

A

☺ found in plant cells only
☺ made of cellulose
☺ fully permeable which allows different molecules to pass through it freely

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3
Q

Cell wall functions

A

☺ support, protects and gives the cell its shape

☺ allows the freely movement of the different molecules

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4
Q

Cell membrane properties

A

☺ found in both animal and plant cells
☺ made of carbohydrates, proteins and fats
☺ semi-permeable or selectively

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5
Q

Cell membrane functions

A

☺ surrounds the cell contents

☺ controls what goes in and out of the cell

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6
Q

Nucleus properties

A

☺contains DNA which is the genetic material

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7
Q

Nucleus functions

A

☺ controls the activities of the cell

☺ controls the inherited information

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8
Q

Cytoplasm properties

A

☺consists mainly of proteins

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9
Q

Cytoplasm functions

A

☺ contains and supports the cell organelles

☺ may contain stored food

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10
Q

Chloroplast

properties and functions

A

☺ contains chlorophyll

☺ absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy in photosynthesis

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11
Q

Mitochondria

properties and functions

A

☺ are very small organelles

☺ site of production of energy by the process of aerobic respiration

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12
Q

Vacuole properties

A

☺consists of fluid surrounded by s membrane and the fluid is called sap which consists of nutrients and ions

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13
Q

Vacuole functions

A

☺ helps in supporting the cell
☺ regulates the absorption of water
☺ contains stored food

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14
Q

Ribosomes

properties and functions

A

☺ found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
☺ may be found in free cytoplasm
☺ used in synthesis of protein

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15
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

properties and functions

A

☺ membranes that form sacs
☺ carry ribosomes for protein synthesis
☺ transport the formed proteins

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16
Q

Vesicles

properties and functions

A

☺ small vacuoles

☺ transport of materials

17
Q

similarities in both plant and animal cells

A 
♦ cell  membrane              
♦ cytoplasm
♦ nucleus                           
♦ mitochondria
♦ ribosomes              
♦ endoplasmic reticulum  (ER)
18
Q

Differences between plant and animal cells

A 
plant cell has
♣ cell wall made of cellulose
♣ a large permanent sap vacuole
♣ chloroplasts
♣  usually contains stored food
Animal cell has
♣ no cell wall
♣ small vacuoles called vesicles
♣ no chloroplasts
♣ usually contains stored glycogen
19
Q

NOTICE

A
  • cells which have no nucleus such as bacteria are prokaryotes
  • prokaryotes have no mitochondria and no rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • cells that contain nucleus are called eukaryotic cells

Easy Bio IGCSE (2 decks)

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