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GENBIO > Cell Structure and Function > Flashcards

Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

A

Cell

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2
Q

Cell Theory

A

All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from pre - existing cells through cell division.

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3
Q

Modern Cell Theory

A
  • Genetic material (DNA) is passed on from one cell to another during cell division
  • All cells have the same basic chemical composition
  • Energy flow occurs within cells
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4
Q

Two Types of Cells

A

Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cells

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5
Q

Do not have structures surrounded by membranes

A

Prokaryotic Cells

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6
Q

Few internal structures

A

Prokaryotic Cells

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7
Q

One-celled organisms, Bacteria

A

Prokaryotic Cells

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8
Q

Contain organelles surrounded by membranes

A

Eukaryotic Cells

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9
Q

In most living organisms

A

Eukoryatic Cells

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10
Q

A structure or part that is enclosed within its own membrane inside a cell and has a particular function

A

Organelles

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11
Q

Also called little organs

A

Organelles

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12
Q

Surrounding the Cell

A

Cell Membrane
Cell Wall

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13
Q

Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell.

A

Cell Membrane

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14
Q

Double layer

A

Cell Membrane

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15
Q

Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria

A

Cell wall

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16
Q

Supports & protects cells

A

Cell Wall

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17
Q

Inside the cell

A

Nucleus
Nuclear Membrane
Chromosome
Nucleolus
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosome
Golgi bodies
Lysosome
Vacuoles
Chloroplast

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18
Q

Directs cell activities

A

Nucleus

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19
Q

Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane

A

Nucleus

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20
Q

Contains genetic material - DNA

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

Surrounds nucleus

A

Nuclear Membrane

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22
Q

Made of two layers

A

Nuclear Membrane

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23
Q

Openings (nucleopores) allow material to enter and leave nucleus

A

Nuclear Membrane

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24
Q

In nucleus

A

Chromosomes

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25
Q

Made of DNA

A

Chromosomes

26
Q

Contain instructions for traits & characteristics

A

Chromosomes

27
Q

Inside nucleus

A

Nucleolus

28
Q

Contains RNA to build proteins

A

Nucleolus

29
Q

Gel-like mixture

A

Cytoplasm

30
Q

Surrounded by cell membrane

A

Cytoplasm

31
Q

Contains hereditary material

A

Cytoplasm

32
Q

Moves materials around in cell

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

33
Q

lacks ribosomes

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

34
Q

ribosomes embedded in surface

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

35
Q

Each cell contains thousands

A

Ribosomes

36
Q

Make proteins

A

Ribosomes

37
Q

Found on ribosomes & floating throughout the cell

A

Ribosomes

38
Q

Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates

A

Mitochondria

39
Q

Controls level of water and other materials in cell

A

Mitochondria

40
Q

Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

A

Mitochondria

41
Q

Protein ‘packaging plant’

A

Golgi Bodies

42
Q

Move materials within the cell

A

Golgi Bodies

43
Q

Move materials out of the cell

A

Golgi Bodies

44
Q

Digestive ‘plant’ for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

A

Lysosome

45
Q

Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

A

Lysosome

46
Q

Cell breaks down if _______ explodes

A

Lysosome

47
Q

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal

A

Vacuoles

47
Q

Contains water solution

A

vacuoles

48
Q

Help plants maintain shape

A

vacuoles

49
Q

Usually found in plant cells

A

Chloroplast

50
Q

Contains green chlorophyll

A

Chloroplast

51
Q

Where photosynthesis takes place

A

Chloroplast

52
Q

The Four Main Types of Cells

A

Epithelial Cells, Nerve Cells, Muscle Cells, Connective Tissue Cells

53
Q

They cover over the interior of hollow organs, like blood vessels or digestive organs, or else form the surface of things, like the skin.

A

Epithelial Cells

54
Q

They send signals from the brain to muscles and glands that control their functions. They also receive sensory information from the skin, the eyes, and the ears, and send this information to the brain

A

Nerve Cells

55
Q

They pull and tug on bones and tendons to produce motion.

A

Muscle Cells

56
Q

These cells provide structural strength to the body and also defend against foreign invaders like bacteria

A

Connective Tissue Cells

57
Q

Are specialized or modifications re-acquired by the cell after cell division that helps the cell in different beneficial ways.

A

Cell Modification

58
Q

Not an organelle

A

Chromosomes

59
Q
A

GENBIO (5 decks)

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