Cell structure

Question 1

Extracellular cell wall components

Answer 1

phosphatidylcholine (PC) + glycolipids + cholesterol

Question 2

Intracellular cell wall components

Answer 2

phosphatidylethylamine (PE) + phosphatidylserine (PS) + phosphatidylinositol (PI) + cholesterol

Question 3

process of TIM/TOM complexes for protein import into mitochondria

Answer 3

1. signal sequence allows for binding to import receptors of TOM complex
2. TOM complex inserts proteins into cell membrane of mitochondria
3. TIM complex binds protein to allow entrance into matrix space
4. cleavage of precursor

Question 4

process of acetylcholine exocytosis

Answer 4

acetylcholine vesicles bind cell membrane by interlinking the vesicle’s v-snare and the membrane’s t-snare, this then allows for exocytosis

Question 5

affect of botox

Answer 5

botox is able to prevent muscle contraction by preventing acetylcholine release.
botox cleaves off the membrane’s t-snare to prevent acetylcholine vesicle bindning to the membrane

Question 6

microtubule extension

Answer 6

extend from the MTOC
microtubules extend by the addition of alpha and beta tubulin to the +ve end of gamma-tubulin rings

Question 7

MTOC location in non-dividing cells

Answer 7

near the nucleus

Question 8

MTOC location in dividing cells

Answer 8

at opposing cell poles

Question 9

MTOC location in ciliated cells

Answer 9

forms the basal bodies of the cilia

Question 10

kinesins

Answer 10

move from -ve to +ve ends of microtubules

Question 11

dyneins

Answer 11

move from +ve to -ve ends of the microtubules