Cell Structure

Question 1

What is the function of centrioles

Answer 1

Help chromosomes separate during cell division
- before a cell divides, the spindle, made of threads of tubulin, forms from the centrioles
Then, chromosomes attach to the middle of the spindle and motor proteins walk along the tubulin threads, pulling the chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.
Also involved with the formation of cilia and undulipodia

Question 2

what is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Answer 2

system of membranes containing fluid-filled cavities (cisternae) that are continuous with the nuclear membrane.
no ribosomes on its surface.

Question 3

what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

absorption, synthesis (building compounds/making) + transport of lipids.
contains enzymes that catalyse reactions involved with lipid metabolism.
synthesis of cholesterol, lipids + steroid hormones.

Question 4

what is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Answer 4

system of membranes containing fluid-filled cavities (cisternae) that are continuous with the nuclear membrane.
coated with ribosomes

Question 5

what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Answer 5

folds + processes proteins
produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function
provides a large surface area for ribosomes, which assemble amino acids into proteins.
is an intracellular transport system - cisternae form channels to transport substances.

Question 6

what is the structure of the Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

stack of membrane-bound flattened sacs.
secretory vesicles bring materials to + from the Golgi apparatus