Cell Structure

Question 1

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and prokaryotic don’t.
Prokaryotic cells are much smaller.
Prokaryotic cells have a circular loop of DNA and plasmids whereas prokaryotic cells have double-stranded DNA

Question 2

Draw an animal cell.

Question 3

Draw a plant cell.

Question 4

Draw a bacteria cell.

Question 5

What is the difference between an animal cell and a plant cell?

Answer 5

Plant cells contain chloroplasts, a cell wall and a cell vacuole and animal cells don’t.

Question 6

What is the difference between a eukaryotic cell and a bacteria cell?

Answer 6

The cell wall in plant cells is made of cellulose and in bacteria, their cell wall is made of meurin.
The ribosomes in a bacteria cell are much smaller compared to a plant or animal cell.

Question 7

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 7

It controls what goes in and out of the cell.

Question 8

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 8

It stores the cell’s DNA which controls the cell’s activities.

Question 9

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 9

releases energy and produces ATP through aerobic respiration.

Question 10

Draw a mitochondrion?

Question 11

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 11

The site of photosynthesis.

Question 12

Draw a chloroplast?

Question 13

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 13

Processes and packages proteins and lipids. It can also make lysosomes.

Question 14

What is the function of the Golgi vesicles?

Answer 14

Stores and transports proteins made by the Golgi apparatus.

Question 15

What is the function of the lysosomes?

Answer 15

They contain lysozymes that digest invading cells and break down dead cell matter.

Question 16

What is the function of the ribosomes?

Answer 16

The site of protein synthesis.

Question 17

What is the function of the RER?

Answer 17

Fold and process proteins that have been made in the ribosomes.

Question 18

What is the function of the SER ?

Answer 18

synthesis and processes lipids.

Question 19

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 19

supports the cell.

Question 20

What is the function of the cell vacuole?

Answer 20

Helps the cell maintain its shape.

Question 21

What is the structure of a virus cell?

Answer 21

They contain a capsid, genetic material and attachment proteins.

Question 22

Why are virus cells considered non-living?

Answer 22

They can’t survive on their own outside of a host cell. They don’t undergo cell division.

Question 23

How does the structure of an epithelial cell relate to it’s function?

Answer 23

The surface of the small intestine have a lot of villi that increase the surface area for the absorption of food. The epithelial cell that make up the villi have a lot of microvilli that increase the surface area even more. They have a lot of mitochondria that release energy for the active transport of food molecules.

Question 24

How does the structure of a red blood cell relate to its function?

Answer 24

It has no nucleus to make more space for oxygen. It has a biconcave shape which increases the surface area for the absorption of oxygen.

Question 25

How does the structure of aits sperm cell relate to it’s function?

Answer 25

It has a middle packed with mitochondria to releases the energy it needs to swim to the egg. It has a tail which helps it to swim to the egg.

Question 26

How does the structure of an muscle cell relate to it’s function?

Answer 26

It has a lot of mitochondria which release energy for muscle contraction. It is made up of fibres that contract and relax to make the muscle move.