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Biology CPA > Cell Structure > Flashcards

Cell Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

Organelle that stores and protects DNA

A

Nucleus

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2
Q

Breaks down wastes

A

Lysosome

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3
Q

Makes Lipids

A

Smooth ER

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4
Q

Stores water/sugar in plants

A

Vacuole

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5
Q

Builds proteins from instructions in DNA

A

Ribosomes

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6
Q

Takes info from DNA

A

RNA

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7
Q

Packages and ships out proteins

A

Golgi

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8
Q

Produces energy (powerhouse of the cell)

A

Mitochondria

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9
Q

Allows plants to make glucose through photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

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10
Q

Codes instructions for making proteins

A

DNA

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11
Q

Which scientist named the cell

A

Robert Hooke

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12
Q

Which scientist found that all animals are made of cells?

A

Schwan

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13
Q

Which scientist found that all plants are made of cells?

A

Schleiden

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14
Q

Which scientist pioneered the theory of endosymbiosis using chloroplasts and mitochondria as proof?

A

Lynn Margulis

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15
Q

Which scientist was the first to observe living cells including algae, red blood cells and bacteria? He called these “animalcules”

A

Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek

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16
Q

What do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?

A

cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and ribosomes

17
Q

What organelles are found only in plant cells (not animal cells)?

A

vacuole, cell wall and chloroplasts

18
Q

What does it mean that archaea are “extremophiles”?

A

They require extreme temperatures, pH or chemistry to survive.

19
Q

What is the path of protein synthesis in a cell?

A

DNA, RNA, ribosome, ER, Golgi

20
Q

Which type of cell is older; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Prokaryotic

21
Q

Which type of organisms are ALWAYS single celled; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

prokaryotic

22
Q

Which type of organisms have their DNA protected in a nucleus; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

eukaryotic

23
Q

Which type of cell is bacteria and archaea; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

prokaryotic

24
Q

Which type of cell are protists such as paramecium or euglena; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

eukaryotic

25
Q

Which organelle is a long thin appendage that helps the cell “swim’ through liquid?

A

flagella

Biology CPA (4 decks)

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