Cell Structure Flashcards
Organelle that stores and protects DNA
Nucleus
Breaks down wastes
Lysosome
Makes Lipids
Smooth ER
Stores water/sugar in plants
Vacuole
Builds proteins from instructions in DNA
Ribosomes
Takes info from DNA
RNA
Packages and ships out proteins
Golgi
Produces energy (powerhouse of the cell)
Mitochondria
Allows plants to make glucose through photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Codes instructions for making proteins
DNA
Which scientist named the cell
Robert Hooke
Which scientist found that all animals are made of cells?
Schwan
Which scientist found that all plants are made of cells?
Schleiden
Which scientist pioneered the theory of endosymbiosis using chloroplasts and mitochondria as proof?
Lynn Margulis
Which scientist was the first to observe living cells including algae, red blood cells and bacteria? He called these “animalcules”
Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
What do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and ribosomes
What organelles are found only in plant cells (not animal cells)?
vacuole, cell wall and chloroplasts
What does it mean that archaea are “extremophiles”?
They require extreme temperatures, pH or chemistry to survive.
What is the path of protein synthesis in a cell?
DNA, RNA, ribosome, ER, Golgi
Which type of cell is older; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Which type of organisms are ALWAYS single celled; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
prokaryotic
Which type of organisms have their DNA protected in a nucleus; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
eukaryotic
Which type of cell is bacteria and archaea; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
prokaryotic
Which type of cell are protists such as paramecium or euglena; prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
eukaryotic
Which organelle is a long thin appendage that helps the cell “swim’ through liquid?
flagella
