Cell Structure

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Jelly like material that contains dissolved, nutrients, insults and structures called organelles
Where many chemical reactions happen

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cells activities

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Its structure is permeable to some substances, not to others in there for controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Organelles contain the end zone is respiration and where most energy is released in respiration

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

A tiny organelle, where protein synthesis occurs

Question 6

Chloroplast

Answer 6

Organelles that contain the green pigment chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
Contains the enzyme needed for photosynthesis

Question 7

Cell wall

Answer 7

Made from cellulose fibre is in strengthens the cell and supports the plant

Question 8

Permanent vacuole

Answer 8

Photocells out to keep the cell turgid

Question 9

What features do animal cells have?

Answer 9

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes

Question 10

What features do plant cells have?

Answer 10

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes

Chloroplast
Cell wall
Permanent vacuole

Question 11

What type of cell is bacteria?

Answer 11

Prokaryotic cell

Question 12

What type of cells are animal cells plant cells and fungi cells?

Answer 12

Eukaryotic cell

Question 13

What are some features of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 13

Very small
Cell membrane surrounded by cell wall
Cytoplasm ribosomes
No mitochondria or chloroplasts
DNA is a single molecule, found three in the cytoplasm
Additional DNA is found on one or more rings called plasmids
Divide by binary fission

Question 14

What are some features of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 14

Small
Cell membrane surrounded by cell walls in plants and fungi
Cytoplasm cells, organelles include mitochondria, chloroplasts in plants, and ribosomes
DNA is in a nucleus
Divide by mitosis

Question 15

How is a sperm cell suited to carry out its function?

Answer 15

Head contains genetic material for fertilisation
Middle piece is packed with mitochondria release energy needed to swim and fertilise the egg
Tell enables sperm to swim
Head contains enzymes, so that the sperm can penetrate the egg

Question 16

How is a nerve cell suited to carry out its function?

Answer 16

Extended so that nerves can run to, and from different parts of the body to the central nervous systems
The cell has extensions and branches, so that you can communicate with other nerve cells, muscles and glands
The nerve cell is covered with a fatty sheath, which insulates a nerve cell and speeds up the nerve impulse

Question 17

How is a muscle cell suited to carry out its function?

Answer 17

Contains filaments of protein, the slide over each other to cause muscle contraction
Contain many well developed a mitochondria to provide the energy for muscle contraction

Question 18

How is a root hair cell suited to carry out its function?

Answer 18

Large surface area to provide contact with soil water
Thin walls, so as not to restrict the movement of water

Question 19

How is xylem cell adapted to carry out its function?

Answer 19

The walls are thick and Woody, their full support plant
No top and bottom walls between xylem vessels, so there is a continuous column of water running through them

Question 20

How are phloem cells adapted to carry out their function?

Answer 20

Companion cells adjacent to the Seve plate, provide energy required to transport substances in the phloem
Dissolved sugars in amino acids can be transported both up and down the stem