Cell Structure Flashcards
What is a Eukaryote
A cell with a nucleus
What is microscopy
Using microscopes to magnify samples that cannot be seen with the naked eye
What is mitochondria
A structure found in the cytoplasm of a cell where respiration occurs
What is a prokaryote
A cell without a nucleus
What are ribosomes
A structure found in the cytoplasm of a cell where protein synthesis occurs
What is sub-cellular
Smaller then a cell
What is a cell
The basic building blocks of any living thing or organism
How many cells is the organism amoeba made of?
One
How many cells are humans made of?
Millions
Where is the DNA in a eukaryotic cell
In the sun-cellular structure called the nucleus
Where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell
In a sub-cellular structure call plasmids
What is the cytoplasm
Jelly like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen in the cell
What is the nucleus
Where the genetic material is found in chromosomes
What is the cell membrane
Keeps the contents of the cell together and allows specific molecules to pass in and out of the cell
What is mitochondria
Where respiration happens due to enzymes
What are the five functions you will always find in eukaryotic cells?
A nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and mitochondria
What is the cell wall
Made of cellulose and keeps the shape of the cell
What does the permanent vacuole do
Stores the cell sap
What is a chloroplast
It contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis occurs
What kind of cell is a bacteria cell?
A prokaryotic cell
What is a plasmid
Where genetic information is found in a prokaryotic cell
What is flagella
It is a sub-cellular structure that allows the bacteria to move
What is the size of a ribosome
0.02 micrometers
What is the size of mitochondria
0.5 micrometers
What size is a chloroplast
1-2 micrometers
What is the size of a prokaryotic cell
0.1-5.0 micrometers
What size is the nucleus
6 micrometers
What is the size of a eukaryotic cell
10-100 micrometers
True or false: a nanometer is smaller than a millimetre
True
True or false: mitochondria are smaller than ribosomes
False
Why can’t we view cells with just our eyes?
Cells are too small to be seen
What is a microscope used for?
So that cells can be looked at in detail
How do you work out magnification?
Magnification= eye piece x objective lens’s
How do you calculate the size of object
Size of object= size of image/ magnification
What is a specialised cell?
A cell where the shape and sub-cellular structure are better adapted for their function
Name 3 specialised cells in an animal cell
Muscle cells, sperm cell, nerve cell
What is the function of a root hair cell
Absorb water by osmosis and minerals by active transport from the soil
What is the xylem
Moves water and dissolves minerals in the plant
What is the phloem
Move glucose and amino acids around the plant
