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biology 🧬 > Cell Structure > Flashcards

Cell Structure Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

where can the cell wall be found?

A

plant, fungal and bacterial cells.

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2
Q

where can you find the mitochondria be found?

A

animal, plant and fungal cells.

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3
Q

where can you find chloroplasts?

A

only in plant cells- only cells able to do photosynthesis.

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4
Q

where can you find cell membranes?

A

in all cells- animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells.

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5
Q

where can you find cytoplasm?

A

in all cells- animal, plant, bacterial and fungal cells.

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6
Q

where can you find sap vacuole?

A

only in plant and fungal cells.

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7
Q

where can you find a nucleus?

A

only in animal, plant and fungal cells. it is not in a bacterial cells because they have naked single circular chromosomes.

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8
Q

where can you find ribosomes?

A

in all cells- animals, plant, fungal and bacterial.

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9
Q

where can you find plasmids?

A

only in bacterial cells- extra circular pieces of DNA.

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10
Q

state the function of cell wall.

A

it provides the cell with a rigid shape and structure.

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11
Q

state the function of mitochondria.

A

it is the site of aerobic respiration.

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12
Q

state the function of chloroplasts.

A

chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.

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13
Q

state the function of cell membrane.

A

cell membrane controls the entry and exits of materials.

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14
Q

state the function of cytoplasm.

A

cytoplasm are the site of chemical reactions.

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15
Q

state the function of the sap vacuole.

A

sap vacuole is the store of water.

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16
Q

state the function of nucleus.

A

the nucleus contain genetic information (DNA) and controls most cell activities.

17
Q

state the function of ribosomes.

A

ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

18
Q

state the function of plasmids.

A

plasmids are extra pieces of DNA found in bacterial cells.

19
Q

what are the similarities of plant, bacterial, fungal and bacterial cells?

A

animal, plant and fungal cells all have: cell membranes, cytoplasm, a nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes.

20
Q

what are the differences of plant, bacterial, fungal and bacterial cells.

A

only plant and fungal cells have a cell wall and a sap vacuole, animal cells do not.
only plant cells have chloroplasts.

21
Q

what are the main structures only found in plant cells? what are their functions?

A

only plant cells contain chloroplasts.
these organelles contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis a process that only plant cells can carry out.

22
Q

what are they key structures used to identify bacterial cells?

A
  • they have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles (no mitochondria, chloroplasts or vacuoles)
    -their DNA is found ‘naked’ as a single large circular chromosomes and many small circular plasmids.
23
Q

compare the locations of chromosomes in animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells.

A
  • animal cell chromosomes are in the nucleus.
  • plant cell chromosomes are in the nucleus.
  • fungal cell chromosomes are in the nucleus.
  • bacterial cell chromosomes are in the cytoplasm.
24
Q

compare the structure of chromosomes in animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells.

A
  • animal cell chromosomes are linear structured.
  • plant cell chromosomes are linear structured.
  • fungal cell chromosomes are linear structured.
  • bacterial cell chromosomes are circular structured.
25
Q

what are the extra chromosomal material found in bacterial cells called?

A

they are called plasmids.

26
Q

compare the chemical structure of the cell wall in plant, fungal and bacterial cells.

A

-plant cell walls are made of cellulose (structural carbohydrate)
-fungal and bacterial cell walls are made of different chemicals.

27
Q

why do we stain cells?

A

it allows you to see the details of the cell contents because cells are usually transparent.

28
Q

what do we stain cell walls with?

A

iodine

29
Q

what do we stain nucleus with?

A

methylene blue

biology 🧬 (12 decks)

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