Cell Structure

Question 1

Plasma Membrane

Answer 1

Double layer of phospholipid with tails facing each other, on the inside and outside of the cell. Hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail, therefore very stable.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Organelle surrounded by double-layer nuclear envelope, with nuclear pores. Contains cells chromosomes.

Question 3

Cytosol

Answer 3

Gel-like intracellular fluid inside the cell membrane.

Question 4

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

Continuous with the nuclear envelope. Flattened sacs joined together dotted with ribosomes.

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

Dark oval structure inside the nucleus.

Question 6

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Continuous with rough endoplasmic reticulum. Tubular structure without ribosomes.

Question 7

Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Series of individual flattened sacs inside cytoplasm.

Question 8

Mitochondria

Answer 8

Oval shaped, with an outer membrane and an inner membrane with folds called cristae that project into the matrix.

Question 9

Lysosomes

Answer 9

Vesicles scattered throughout the cytoplasm.

Question 10

Perioxisomes

Answer 10

Vesicles similar in appearance to lysosomes, but smaller.

Question 11

Ribosomes

Answer 11

Granular organelles composed of proteins and rRNA. Located in cytosol or on surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 12

Centrosomes

Answer 12

Two centrioles (cylindrical budles of microtubules) perpendicular to each other.

Question 13

Microfilaments

Answer 13

Two intertwined polymer chains of actin molecules. Polarized and dynamic structure.

Question 14

Microtubules

Answer 14

Hollow cylinders made of tubulin. Polarized and dynamic structure.

Question 15

Intermediate Filaments

Answer 15

Many different proteins can form them (Keratin). Tetramers assemble end to end to form protofilaments, eight protofilaments wound around each other in a rope like structure.