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MT6320 > cell struc > Flashcards

cell struc Flashcards

1
Q

Contains a true nucleus

A

Eukaryotic cell

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2
Q

Sterol present in the cytoplasmic membrane of fungal cells

A

Ergosterol

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3
Q

Sterol present in the cytoplasmic membrane of animal cells

A

Cholesterol

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4
Q

No true nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

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5
Q

T/F: Nucleoid has no membrane covering

A

True

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6
Q

Folded area of the membrane that contains the DNA

A

Mesosome

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7
Q

“Jumping Genes”

A

Transposons

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8
Q

Extra chromosomal DNA that can self-replicate

A

Plasmids

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9
Q

Cell-wall deficient bacteria

A

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

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10
Q

Variations in shape of bacteria

A

Pleomorphism

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11
Q

T/F: Cytoplasmic membrane of prokaryotes contain no sterols.

A

True

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12
Q

A component important in the stabilizaton of the membrane

A

Cholesterol

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13
Q

What type of DNA do bacteria have? Where is it located?

A

Circular, in the nucleoid, mesosome

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14
Q

Prokaryote ploidy

A

Haploid

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15
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma have cell walls.

A

False. They are the only bacteria who have no cell wall.

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16
Q

Site of energy production for prokaryotes

A

Cytoplasmic membrane

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17
Q

Ribosomal size of prokaryotes

A

70S

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18
Q

Motility of prokaryotes

A

Flagella

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19
Q

T/F: Prokaryotes have attached ribosomes.

A

False. They have free ribosomes.

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20
Q

Contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan

A

Gram-positive

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21
Q

Contains a thin layer of peptidoglycan

A

Gram-negative

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22
Q

Waxy component contained by acid fast bacteria

A

Mycolic acid

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23
Q

Contains enzymes for metabolism and gel-like substances that capture nutrients

A

Periplasm

24
Q

Deepest layer of the cell

A

Cell membrane

25
Q

What purpose does the folded regions of the mesosome serve?

A

Increased surface area = Increased enzymatic activity

26
Q

Point of attachment of the nucleoid

A

Mesosomes

27
Q

Gives shape to the bacteria cell

A

Cell wall

28
Q

Shapes of bacteria (4)

A

Cocci
Bacilli (includes coccobacilli)
Spiral
Vibrio

29
Q

Comma shaped bacteria

A

Vibrio

30
Q

Elongated bacteria

A

Bacilli

31
Q

Rounded bacteria

A

Cocci

32
Q

Main constituent of cell walls

A

Peptidoglycan or Murein Sacculus

33
Q

Disaccharides consisting peptidoglycan

A

NAG & NAM

34
Q

What is the peptide bridge linkage

A

NAM-NAM; B-1,4 Linkage

35
Q

Antigenic substance in Streptococcus pyogenes that prevents phagocytosis

A

M protein

36
Q

Antigenic substance found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Mycolic acid

37
Q

Cord Factor

A

6,6 trehalose dimycolate

38
Q

Antiphagocytic substance found in Staphylococcus aureus

A

Protein A

39
Q

Antigenic substance that is found only in Gram (-) bacteria

A

O-Antigen

40
Q

T/F: Somatic antigen is heat labile.

A

False. Heat stable.

41
Q

T/F: Gram (-) is more susceptible to penicillin.

A

False. Gram (+) is easier to access, thus more susceptible.

42
Q

The ribitol teichoic acid is anchored to what structure

A

Cell wall

43
Q

The glycerol teichoic acid is anchored to what structure

A

Cell membrane

44
Q

Can only be found in Gram (+); is both an antigenic and immunogenic

A

Teichoic acid

45
Q

Protection against bacteriophage

A

S-Layer

46
Q

T/F: Lysozyme secretions are more effective against Gram (+).

A

True

47
Q

Viruses that target bacteria

A

Bacteriophage

48
Q

The peptidoglycan is found underneath what structure

A

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

49
Q

LPS composition

A

O-Antigen
Core polysaccharide
Lipid-A/Endotoxin

50
Q

When are endotoxins released

A

When bacteria dies

51
Q

Cell wall alternating disaccharides

A

N-acetyl glucosamine
N-acetyl muramic acid

52
Q

Gram (-) organisms that have LOS instead of LPS

A

Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Bordetella pertussis

53
Q

Major outer membrane proteins of gram (-) cell walls

A

Porin proteins
Transmembrane Proteins
Peripheral proteins

54
Q

T/F: All G(+) are AFB but not all AFB are G(+).

A

False. All AFB are G(+) but not all G(+) are AFB.

55
Q

Bacteria with mycolic acid

A

Mycobacterium
Nocardia
Legionella micdadei
Other protozoans (Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Cyclospora)

56
Q

Components of cell membrane unique to acid fast organisms

A

Phosphatidylmannosides
Lipoarabinomannan

MT6320 (2 decks)

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