Cell specialization Flashcards
What is the function of the red blood cell?
To transport oxygen around the body
What are the adaptations of the red blood cell?
biconcave discs- increases surface area for the absorption of oxygen and efficiently releasing it
lack of nucleus- creates more space for haemoglobin- the protein responsible for the binding of oxygen
Flexible membrane- allows it to pass through narrow blood vessels without rupturing.
small size- ensures it passes thtough small blood vessels like capillaries so that oxygen can reach all parts of the body.
What is the function of the phagocytes?
to engulf diseases
what are the adaptations of the phagocyte?
lobe nucleus- allows it to deform easily so it can fit through narrow vessels like capillaries
flexible shape- allows them to squeeze through small spaces to it can reach the site of infection
What is the function of the lympocytes?
produce antibodies that kill pathogens and produces anti toxins to neaturalize toxins.
What are the adaptations of the lympocytes?
large nucleus- allows it to perform its main function which is to process genetic information and produce antibodies
receptor on the cell- allows it to recognize antigens on -pathogens
What is the fucntion of the nerve cell?
used to transmir information around the body in the form of electric impules.
What are the adaptations of the nerve cell?
long axon- used for transmitting signals over long distances
dendrites- used to receive signals
What is the function of the muscle cell?
to contract and generate force needed to facilitate body movement.
What are the adaptations of the muscle cell?
elonged shape- muscle cells are long allowing them to contradict along their length
alot of mitochondria- meets the high demands for contradiction
What is the function of the epitheal tissue?
increases the surface area for the absorption of nutrients from the digestive track.
What are the adaptations of the epitheal tissue?
finger like projections on the cell surface.
What is the function of the sperm cell?
fertilize the egg cell to produce an offspring.
What are the adaptations of the sperm cell?
the long tail- has mitochondria that allows the cell to move quicklly
head containing genetic information- used for fertilization
What is the function of the egg cell?
joins with the sperm during fertilization to create an embryo.
What are the adaptations of the egg cell?
sticky surface- allows it to stick to the walls of the fallopian tube
large size- efficient in storing nutrients for the development of the embryo.
What is the function of the root hair cell?
to faciliate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.
What are the adaptations of the root hair cell?
thin cell walls- allows nutrients to diffuse more easily into the cell.
large vacuole- creates an osmotic gradient that allows nutrients to go from the soil to the cells.
What is the function of the palisade cell?
to carry out photosynthesis
What are the adaptations for the palsade cell?
high amount of chloroplats- allows the cell to trap sunlight needed for photosynthesis.
large vaculoe- pushes the chloroplats to the edge in the light source near to the leaves for the exchange of gases.
thin cell wall- carbon dioxide can easily diffuse into the cell
