Cell signalling Flashcards

1
Q

Which are the 4 types of intracellular signalling? Describe these.

A

Contact-dependent: cellerna måste vara i kontakt med varandra, receptor emellan

Paracrine: utsöndrar lokala mediators till närliggande target cells

Synaptic: signalering mellan celler på längre avstånd, neuroner (nervceller) gör det möjligt att kontakta celler längre bort

Endocrine: signalering mellan celler på längre avstånd, signalcellen utsöndrar hormon som genom transport i blodet når target cellen

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2
Q

What are examples of signal molecules?

A

Hormones & neurotransmitters

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of cell surface receptors?

A

Ion-channel-linked receptor
Converts chemical signals into electrical ones, ligans binding causes channel opening

G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)
Conveys signals via G-proteins to effectors

Enzyme-linked receptors
Ligand binding causes receptor dimerization and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase

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4
Q

What are the two types of signalling complexes?

A

Extra protein - Scaffold:
Signalproteinerna sitter bundna till ett scaffold-protein i rätt ordning. När signalmolekylen binder kan signalen transporteras vidare snabbt och smidigt, då ordningen redan är inrättad

Receptorn utför ställningen:
Signalproteinerna sitter bundna till receptorn (vid fosforylering), i rätt ordning. Inga extra proteiner finns.

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