Cell Replication

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

single DNA molecule containing many genes (code for different proteins)

Question 2

Homologous chromosomes:

Answer 2

2 molecules of DNA that contain the same genes (eg. hair colour, blood type). 1 comes from each parent.

Question 3

Independent Assortment

Answer 3

Genes that are on different chromosomes (like the Y and R genes in the image) assort into daughter cells independently.

Question 4

Crossing over

Answer 4

The exchange of homologous chromosome pieces = same genes but may have different alleles (versions of the gene, Aa)

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

Used for sexual reproduction ONLY

Question 6

Mitosis

Answer 6

Used for growth, repair or asexual reproduction

Question 7

Fragmentation:

Answer 7

Parent breaks into several pieces
Each develops into a new organisms
Flatworms

Question 8

Parthenogenesis:

Answer 8

Females produce eggs = develop into embryos without fertilisation.

Question 9

Variation:

Answer 9

Recombining/mixing up the genes

Question 10

Fertilisation

Answer 10

Fusion of haploid gametes (n) – half chromosome # (23 in humans)
Forms a diploid zygote (2n) – full chromosome # (46 in humans)