cell processes

Question 0

The process in which simple food substances, such as sugars are broken down and the energy that they contain is released is the definition of what term

Answer 0

Respiration

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

All of the building up and breaking down activities that occur within a cell

Question 2

What is the formula for aerobic respiration?

Answer 2

(Say formula)

Question 3

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 3

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 4

a process in which energy is still produced, but without oxygen at the start of the process, also referred to as fermentation is the definition of what term?

Answer 4

Anaerobic respiration

Question 5

Give three examples of fermentation

Answer 5

Yeast cells multiplying in bread dough, beer making, and wine making

Question 6

The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is the definition of what term

Answer 6

Diffusion

Question 7

What does it mean for a cell to be selectively permeable

Answer 7

It chooses what substances come into and out of the cell

Question 8

What are some substances that the cell allows into and out of its membrane?

Answer 8

Oxygen, food molecules, water, and carbon can enter a d exit

Question 9

A special type of diffusion, especially the passing of water into and Out Of the cell. During this process, water molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is the definition of what term

Answer 9

Osmosis

Question 10

What is special about diffusion and osmosis?

Answer 10

They don’t require atp energy to occur, the process is natural

Question 11

A cell process where the cell pulls or “carries” a needed substance into the cell. This Process requires the cell to use some of the atp energy it has is a description of what term

Answer 11

Active transport

Question 12

Name three substances in which active transport is needed to pull them into the cell

Answer 12

Calcium, potassium, and sodium

Question 13

Name the five phases of cell division in order

Answer 13

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 14

What is the process of cell division most commonly called?

Answer 14

Mitosis

Question 15

The process where one parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell is identical to. The other original parent cell. The chromosomes in the parent cell are doubled due to cell division is the definition of what term

Answer 15

Mitosis

Question 16

Describe phase one of mitosis

Answer 16

Interphase: the chromosomes look threadlike in the nucleus at the beginning of the phase and by the end the chromosomes have doubled.

At the beginning of this process, the cell is just performing normal cell functions

Question 17

Describe phase two of mitosis

Answer 17

Prophase: this is the official start of mitosis. The threadlike chromosomes begin to shorten and form into rodlike or thickened shapes. The chromosomes become attached at the center towards the end of phase two. The nuclear membrane begins to break down and the nucleolus disappears

Question 18

Describe phase three of mitosis

Answer 18

Metaphase: the chromosomes attach to the middle of the cell towards the end of metaphase.

Question 19

Describe phase four of mitosis

Answer 19

Anaphase: the doubled chromosomes begin to move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 20

Describe phase five of mitosis

Answer 20

Telophase: the chromosomes begin to uncoil and look threadlike. A nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes. Finally, a nucleus forms in each daughter cell as well as a nucleolus in each.

Question 21

Describe phase six of mitosis

Answer 21

Cytokinesis: the cytoplasm is pinched into two equal parts or daughter cells. Each part contains a nucleus with identical chromosomes. In plant cells, a cell wall also forms around each daughter cell

Question 22

How long does mitosis usually take to occur?

Answer 22

45 minutes to 5 hours

Question 23

What is different about unicellular and multicellular organisms?

Answer 23

Unicellular organisms have one cell that performs all of the functions necessary, while multicellular organisms have cells that are specified to perform specific tasks for the organism

Question 24

Name the five levels of cell specialization

Answer 24

Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems 
Organisms

Question 25

Describe level one of cell specialization

Answer 25

Cell: the most basic units of life. Unicellular organisms such as bacteria, always remain at this stage. Multicellular organisms are more complex

Question 26

Describe level 2 of cell specialization

Answer 26

Tissues: tissues are a group of cells that form together for the multicellular organism a group of tissues then come together to form organs

Question 27

Describe level three of cell specialization

Answer 27

Organ: an organ is a body part that is very important for the life processes of the organism. All of the organs work together to form organ systems.

Question 28

Describe level four of cell specialization

Answer 28

Organ system: an organ system is necessary for the life of the organism. A multicellular organism will die if an organ system quits working. All of the organ systems come together to form an organism

Question 29

Describe level five of cell specialization

Answer 29

Organism: level 5 is a completely formed multicellular human, animal, plant, etc…

Question 30

Give an example of an organ

Answer 30

Heart, liver, lung, etc

Question 31

Give an example of an organ system

Answer 31

Respiratory system, nervous system, etc…

Question 32

Give an example of an organism

Answer 32

Human, dog, cat, tres, etc…

Question 33

Explain aerobic respiration

Answer 33

First, and organism must eat and digest food, which is then turned into glucose, a natural body sugar. The glucose is then combined with oxygen that the organism constantly breathes in. These substances then combine to form the end products of carbon dioxide, which is exhaled. Water, which is mostly stored within our bodies vacuoles, and sometimes removed from our bodies with urination and waste. Finally, ATP or adenosine Triphosphate is made in the mitochondria in the cells to give the organism the energy that it needs.