Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANPH111 > Cell Physiology > Flashcards

Cell Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

types of cells

A

prokaryotic
eukaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the basic unit of biological organization

A

cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

basic composition of the cell

A

•
Protoplasm/cytoplasm
• •
cell membrane nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PHYSIOLOGIC PROPERTIES OF CELL

A

IRRITABILITY / EXCITABILITY
CONDUCTIVITY
CONTRACTILITY
ABSORPTION AND SECRETION
EXCRETION
RESPIRATION
GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION
ORGANIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

principal parts of the eukaryotic cell

A

cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

trilaminar and semipermeable

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

colloidal and with organelles, inclusions and cytoskeleton

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

with DNA in the form of heterochromatin(inactive) and euchromatin(active)

A

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

double phospholipid layer with embedded proteins

A

trilaminar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

osmosis
protein channels
active transport
fluid mosaic model

A

membrane transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

SIMPLE DIFFUSION
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
OSMOSIS
FILTRATION

A

passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ACTIVE TRANSPORT
ENDOCYTOSIS
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
EXOCYTOSIS

A

active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Movement of solute from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration

A

simple diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Movement of solute from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration with a CARRIER

A

facilitated diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Movement of solvent (WATER) from an area of LOW solute concentration to an area of HIGH solute concentration

A

osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Movement of solute from an area of LOW solute concentration to an area of HIGH
solute concentration

A

active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mostly water in solution or colloid with chemical compounds
Solution: atoms or ions distributed in medium

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

compounds that go into solution

A

polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

compounds that go into colloidal suspension

A

nonpolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

organelles

A

MITOCHONDRIA (chondriosome)
RIBOSOMES
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
GOLGI COMPLEX (Dictyosomes)
LYSOSOMES
PEROXISOMES / MICROBODIES
MELANOSOMES
SECRETORY GRANULES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

inner folds where cellular respiration occurs

A

cristae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

synthesize ATP

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

determines the cristae number

A

energy requirements of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Distributed throughout cytoplasm
■ Attached to rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
■ No membrane covering
■ Site of protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

protein fro intracellular use

A

free ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

System of membranes that makes up channels
■ Connects with outer nuclear and cell membranes

A

endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

for protein synthesis and has attached ribosomes

A

rough endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

fat transport and sex hormone synthesis,HCL
synthesis, release and recapture Ca+ in skeletal muscles

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

■ Collection of flat saclike cisternae
■ Concentration and collection of cellular compounds
■ Storage warehouses of the cell
■ Carbohydrate synthesis site
■ “packaging”

A

golgi apparatus

31
Q

Digestive enzyme packages
■ With acid hydrolases
■ Lack oxidases and catalases

A

lysosomes

32
Q

functions of lysosomes

A

play role in cellular defense
digest stored food
maintenance and repair of organelles
suicide agents for old or weak cells

33
Q

contains catalase and oxidase

A

peroxisomes/microbodies

34
Q

converts H2O2 into H2O and O2

A

catalase

35
Q

inclusions in the cytoplasm

A

GLYCOGEN
LIPID
PIGMENTS
a. Exogenous
b. Endogenous
1) lipofuscin 2) melanin
3) hemoglobin 4) bilirubin
CRYSTALS
a.)Crystals of Reinke
b.)Crystals of Charcot-Bottcher

36
Q

cytoskeleton

A

microfilaments
intermediate filaments
microtubules

37
Q

7nm in diameter

A

microfilaments

38
Q

10nm in diameter

A

intermediate filaments

39
Q

25 nm in diameter

A

microtubules

40
Q

intermediate filaments

A

keratin
vimentin
desmin
glial fibrillary protein
neurofilaments

41
Q

epithelial cells

A

keratin

42
Q

mesenchymal cells

A

vimentin

43
Q

muscle cells

A

desmin

44
Q

glial cells of nervous system

A

glial fibrillary protein

45
Q

neurons

A

neurofilaments

46
Q

determine the polarity of the cell

A

centrioles

47
Q

anchoring points of cilia and flagella

A

basal bodies

48
Q

line the respiratory tract

A

cilia

49
Q

tail of spermatozoa

A

flagella

50
Q

two centrioles at right angles to each other

A

centrosome

51
Q

composed of nine sets of triplet fibers
Form spindle fibers during cell division
Guide duplicated chromosomes to daughter cells

A

centrioles

52
Q

Hairlike protrusions from cell membrane
Nine double fibrils around two single central fibrils

A

cilia and flagella

53
Q

move materials across cell surface

A

cilia

54
Q

propels cell through a medium

A

flagellum

55
Q

Control center of the cell

A

nucleus

56
Q

genetic material inside nucleoplasm

A

chromatin

57
Q

site of ribosome formation

A

nucleolus

58
Q

18-24 hours
inactive/resting phase

A

interphase

59
Q

four phases of interphase

A

G1 phase
G0 phase
S phase
G2 phase

60
Q

(-) DNA synthesis
(+) RNA and protein synthesis
30-50% of length of interphase

A

G1 Phase

61
Q

cells pull out of the cycle

A

G0 Phase

62
Q

DNA SYNTHESIS/REPLICATION
35-45% of length of interphase

A

S Phase

63
Q

phase before onset of mitosis
10-20% of length of interphase

A

G2 Phase

64
Q

types of cell division

A

mitosis
meiosis

65
Q

two daughter cells with exactly the same genetic material

A

mitosis

66
Q

four daughter cells with half the genetic material

A

meiosis

67
Q

cell division for growth, maintenance and repair

A

mitosis

68
Q

cellular division for reproduction

A

meiosis

69
Q

phases of mitosis

A

prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

70
Q

– chromosomes progressively shorten and thicken to form double
structures
- nucleolus gradually disappears
- mitotic apparatus begins to form
- degeneration of the nuclear membrane

A

prophase

71
Q

chromatids align at the equatorial plane.

A

metaphase

72
Q

separation of sister chromatids and migrate towards the opposite poles by the translocation of the spindle microtubules

A

anaphase

73
Q
  • nucleoli and nuclear membranes reappear
    at the opposite ends of the cell
  • mitotic apparatus gradually disappears - a purse string constriction of bands of microfilaments appear at the equatorial plate dividing the cytoplasm and eventually the daughter cells.
A

telophase

ANPH111 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions