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Anatomy and Physiology > Cell physiology > Flashcards

Cell physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Moves into the sac

A

Glucose and NaCl

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2
Q

Moves out of the sac

A

Water

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3
Q

Does not move in or out of the sac

A

Albumin

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4
Q

What does a hypertonic solution look like

A

Deflated, dried out

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5
Q

Cells in a hypertonic solution are said to be what

A

Crenated

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6
Q

What does an Isotonic solution look like

A

Normal like a blood cell

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7
Q

What does isotonic mean

A

The same solute concentration inside and outside the cell

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8
Q

What does a hypotonic solution look like

A

Inflated, swollen

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9
Q

What requires ATP (Cellular energy)

A

Endocytosis, Phagocytosis, Exocytosis, and Solute pumping

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10
Q

What is driven by Kinetic energy of molecules

A

Diffusion simple and osmosis

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11
Q

What is driven by hydrostatic (fluid) pressure

A

Filtration

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12
Q

What follows a concentration gradient

A

Diffusion simple and osmosis

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13
Q

What proceeds against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier

A

Solute pumping

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14
Q

What has a means of secreting cell products

A

Exocytosis

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15
Q

What moves water through a semipermeable membrane

A

Diffusion osmosis

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16
Q

What transports amino acids, some sugars, and Na+ through the plasma membrane

A

Solute pumping

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17
Q

What provides for cellular uptake of solid or large particles from the cell exterior

A

Endocytosis and phagocytosis

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18
Q

What moves small or lipid-soluble solutes through the membrane

A

Diffusion simple

19
Q

Transfer of the genetic message from DNA to mRNA is called what

A

Transcription

20
Q

Assembly of amino acids according to the genetic information carried by mRNA is called what

A

Translation

21
Q

The set of three nitrogen bases on tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA codon is called a

A

Anticodon

22
Q

The complementary three-base sequence on DNA is called a

A

Triplet

23
Q

Describe how the particular structure of a neuron related to its function in the body

A

The neuron has long cytoplasmic extensions that promote its ability to transmit impulses over long distances within the body

24
Q

What forms mucous, serous, and epidermal membranes

A

Epithelium tissue

25
Q

What allows for organ movements within the body

A

Muscle tissue

26
Q

What transmits electrochemical impulses

A

Nervous tissue

27
Q

What supports body organs

A

Connective tissue

28
Q

What cells of this tissue may absorb and/or secrete substances

A

Epithelium tissue

29
Q

What basis of the major controlling system of the body

A

Nervous tissue

30
Q

The cells of this tissue shorten to exert force

A

Muscle tissue

31
Q

What forms hormones

A

Epithelium tissue

32
Q

What packages and protects body organs

A

Connective tissue

33
Q

What is characterized by having large amounts of nonliving matrix

A

Connective tissue

34
Q

What allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and shoot an arrow

A

Muscle tissue

35
Q

What is most widely distributed tissue type in the body

A

Connective tissue

36
Q

What forms the brain and spinal cord

A

Nervous tissue

37
Q

What lines the esophagus and forms the skin epidermis

A

Stratified squamous

38
Q

What forms the lining of the stomach and small intestine

A

Simple columnar

39
Q

What is best suited for areas subjected to friction

A

Stratified squamous

40
Q

What lines much of the respiratory tract

A

Pseudostratified columnar (ciliated)

41
Q

What propels substances (e. g., mucus) across its surface

A

Pseudostratified columnar (ciliated)

42
Q

What is found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that slide over one another

A

Transitional

43
Q

What forms thin serous membranes; a single layer of flattened cells

A

Simple squamous

Anatomy and Physiology (6 decks)

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