Cell physiology Flashcards
Moves into the sac
Glucose and NaCl
Moves out of the sac
Water
Does not move in or out of the sac
Albumin
What does a hypertonic solution look like
Deflated, dried out
Cells in a hypertonic solution are said to be what
Crenated
What does an Isotonic solution look like
Normal like a blood cell
What does isotonic mean
The same solute concentration inside and outside the cell
What does a hypotonic solution look like
Inflated, swollen
What requires ATP (Cellular energy)
Endocytosis, Phagocytosis, Exocytosis, and Solute pumping
What is driven by Kinetic energy of molecules
Diffusion simple and osmosis
What is driven by hydrostatic (fluid) pressure
Filtration
What follows a concentration gradient
Diffusion simple and osmosis
What proceeds against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier
Solute pumping
What has a means of secreting cell products
Exocytosis
What moves water through a semipermeable membrane
Diffusion osmosis
What transports amino acids, some sugars, and Na+ through the plasma membrane
Solute pumping
What provides for cellular uptake of solid or large particles from the cell exterior
Endocytosis and phagocytosis
What moves small or lipid-soluble solutes through the membrane
Diffusion simple
Transfer of the genetic message from DNA to mRNA is called what
Transcription
Assembly of amino acids according to the genetic information carried by mRNA is called what
Translation
The set of three nitrogen bases on tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA codon is called a
Anticodon
The complementary three-base sequence on DNA is called a
Triplet
Describe how the particular structure of a neuron related to its function in the body
The neuron has long cytoplasmic extensions that promote its ability to transmit impulses over long distances within the body
What forms mucous, serous, and epidermal membranes
Epithelium tissue
What allows for organ movements within the body
Muscle tissue
What transmits electrochemical impulses
Nervous tissue
What supports body organs
Connective tissue
What cells of this tissue may absorb and/or secrete substances
Epithelium tissue
What basis of the major controlling system of the body
Nervous tissue
The cells of this tissue shorten to exert force
Muscle tissue
What forms hormones
Epithelium tissue
What packages and protects body organs
Connective tissue
What is characterized by having large amounts of nonliving matrix
Connective tissue
What allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and shoot an arrow
Muscle tissue
What is most widely distributed tissue type in the body
Connective tissue
What forms the brain and spinal cord
Nervous tissue
What lines the esophagus and forms the skin epidermis
Stratified squamous
What forms the lining of the stomach and small intestine
Simple columnar
What is best suited for areas subjected to friction
Stratified squamous
What lines much of the respiratory tract
Pseudostratified columnar (ciliated)
What propels substances (e. g., mucus) across its surface
Pseudostratified columnar (ciliated)
What is found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that slide over one another
Transitional
What forms thin serous membranes; a single layer of flattened cells
Simple squamous
