Biochemistry

Question 1

Substances that ionize in water

Answer 1

Acids, bases, salts

Question 2

Proton acceptor

Answer 2

Base

Question 3

Ionize in water to release hydrogen ions and a negative ion other than hydroxide

Answer 3

Acid

Question 4

Ionize in water to release ions other than H+ and OH-

Answer 4

Salt

Question 5

Formed when an acid and a base are combined

Answer 5

Salt

Question 6

Substances such as lemon juice and vinegar

Answer 6

Acid

Question 7

Prevents rapid/large swings in pH

Answer 7

Buffer

Question 8

The ability of water to maintain a relatively constant temperature and thus prevent sudden changes is because of its high _____?

Answer 8

Heat capacity

Question 9

Biochemical reactions in the body must occur in _____?

Answer 9

Water

Question 10

About ______% of the volume of a living cell is water.

Answer 10

70%

Question 11

Water molecules are bonded to other water molecules because of the presence of ______ bonds

Answer 11

Hydrogen

Question 12

Water, as H+ and OH- ions, is essential in biochemical reactions such as ______ and _____ reactions

Answer 12

Hydrolysis and Dehydration

Question 13

Because of its _______, water is excellent solvent

Answer 13

Polarity

Question 14

Forms the basis of mucus and other body _______

Answer 14

Lubricant

Question 15

Ionize completely in water (weak or strong acid)

Answer 15

Strong acid

Question 16

Ionize incompletely in water (weak or strong acid)

Answer 16

Weak acid

Question 17

Act as part of a buffer system (weak or strong acid)

Answer 17

Weak acid

Question 18

When placed in water, always act to change the pH (weak or strong acid)

Answer 18

Strong acid

Question 19

Ionize at high pH (weak or strong acid)

Answer 19

Strong acid

Question 20

Ionize at low pH (weak or strong acid)

Answer 20

Weak and strong acid

Question 21

Ionize at pH 7

Answer 21

Strong acid

Question 22

Organic compounds

Answer 22

Fats, proteins, glucose, and DNA

Question 23

Inorganic compounds

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, KCl, and H2O

Question 24

Building blocks of carbohydrates

Answer 24

Monosaccharides

Question 25

Building blocks of Fat

Answer 25

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 26

Building blocks of protein

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

Building blocks of Nucleic Acids

Answer 27

Nucleotides

Question 28

Cellular cytoplasm is primarily composed of this substance

Answer 28

Proteins

Question 29

The single most important fuel source for body cells

Answer 29

Monosaccharides

Question 30

Not soluble in water

Answer 30

Lipids

Question 31

Contain C, H, and O in the ratio CH20

Answer 31

Monosaccharides

Question 32

Contain C, H, and O, but have relatively small amounts of oxygen

Answer 32

Lipids

Question 33

_______ these building blocks contain N in addition to C, H, and O

Answer 33

Nucleotides, Amino Acids

Question 34

Contain P in addition to C, H, O, and N

Answer 34

Nucleotides

Question 35

Used to insulate the body and found in all cell membranes

Answer 35

Lipids

Question 36

Primarily components of meat and cheese

Answer 36

Proteins

Question 37

Primarily components of bread and lollipops

Answer 37

Carbohydrates

Question 38

Primarily components of egg yolk and peanut oil

Answer 38

Lipids

Question 39

Include collagen and hemoglobin

Answer 39

Proteins

Question 40

Class that usually includes cholesterol

Answer 40

Lipids

Question 41

Examples of fibrous proteins

Answer 41

Collagen and keratin

Question 42

Examples of globular proteins

Answer 42

Hormones, enzymes, and hemoglobin

Question 43

Biologic catalyst

Answer 43

 enzyme

Question 44

Plant storage carbohydrate

Answer 44

Starch

Question 45

Animal storage carbohydrate

Answer 45

Glycogen

Question 46

The stuff of the genes

Answer 46

DNA

Question 47

 A steroid

Answer 47

Cholesterol

Question 48

Double sugars, or disaccharides

Answer 48

Lactose and maltose

Question 49

Phospholipids are ______ molecules

Answer 49

 polarized

Question 50

_______ are the major form in which body fat is stored

Answer 50

Neutral fats

Question 51

_______ is the most abundant compound in the body

Answer 51

Water

Question 52

_______ molecules are generally soluble in water

Answer 52

 polar

Question 53

The bases of RNA are A, G, C, and _____

Answer 53

 U

Question 54

Universal energy currency of living cells is _______

Answer 54

ATP

Question 55

RNA is ______ stranded

Answer 55

Single

Question 56

The four elements compromising over 90% of living matter are C, H, N, and _____

Answer 56

O

Question 57

Is starch is the polymer, the monomer is

Answer 57

Glucose

Question 58

During polymer digestion, water as H+ and OH- ions would

Answer 58

Enter between monomers, bond to them, and keep them separated

Question 59

Another name for the chemical digestion of polymers is

Answer 59

Hydrolysis

Question 60

If the monomers are amino acids, they may differ from each other by their ____

Answer 60

R group