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Study > CELL PARTS > Flashcards

CELL PARTS Flashcards

TEST TOMMOROW!!! study

1
Q

What are some basic parts of cells?

A

organelle

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2
Q

What are cells that have one cell?

A

unicellular

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3
Q

What are cells that have many cells?

A

multicellular

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4
Q

What does a cells shape tell you?

A

It’s job or funtion

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5
Q

Can cells repair themselves?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What cells can’t repair themselves?

A

nerve cells

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7
Q

What are cells with no membrane bound nucleus?

A

Prokaryotic/Prokaryote

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8
Q

What are cells with a membrane bound nucleus?

A

Eukaryotic/Eukaryote

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9
Q

What are the cells smaller parts called?

A

organelles

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10
Q

What is the cell wall called?

A

The protective layer

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11
Q

What does the cell wall enclose?

A

plant, algae, fungi, and bacteria

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12
Q

What is the cell wall made of?

A

Tough, rigid outer layer made of
cellulose (fiber)

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13
Q

What does the cell wall do?

A

protects the cell and gives it a shape

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14
Q

How do materials pass through the cell wall?

A

The pores

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15
Q

What is the cell membrane called?

A

The Doorway to the cell

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16
Q

What is the protective layer around all cells?

A

cell membrane

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17
Q

What do the pores do in the cell membrane?

A

allows nutrients like water and oxygen to enter the cell and waste like carbon dioxide to exit the cell for animal cells.

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18
Q

What does Semi-permeable mean?

A

some materials can pass through and others cannot.

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19
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Material like oxygen moving into and out of the cell, the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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20
Q

What is the nucleus called?

A

Brain/Control Center

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21
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

directs all the cells activities

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22
Q

What does the Nuclear membrane/envelope contain?

A

pores

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23
Q

What is the Nucleolus?

A

little nucleus where ribosomes which produce proteins (amino acids) are made

24
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

rod-like structures known as chromatin that contain genes which contain DNA.

25
Q

What are the 3 parts of the nucleus?

A

Nucleolus, chromosome, and nuclear membrane/ envelop

26
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

27
Q

What is DNA?

A

is the genetic material found in the nucleus of the cell that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring during replication.

28
Q

What is Chromatin?

A

thicken into chromosomes and then divide in a process called mitosis to make new cells/replication/reproduction.

29
Q

What is the Cytoplasm?

A

Gelatin-like substance that flows throughout the cell located between the membrane and nucleus

30
Q

What does the Cytoplasm do?

A

Holds the organelles in a cell and moves constantly

31
Q

What is the Mitochondrion/Mitochondria nickname?

A

The Powerhouse of the Cell

32
Q

What is the Mitochondrion/Mitochondria?

A

Energy processor for all cells – the powerhouse – think “mighty.”

33
Q

What does the Mitochondrion/Mitochondria do?

A

Rod-like structures in the cytoplasm that store energy from food and release it when needed.

34
Q

Where is the Mitochondrion/Mitochondria found the most?

A

More active cells like muscle cells

35
Q

What are ribosomes called?

A

Protein Makers

36
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

Small structures where cells make their own proteins (look like black dots).

37
Q

Where are ribosomes made and where do they move?

A

Made in the nucleolus and move out into the cytoplasm

38
Q

What is the E.R called?

A

transportation system

39
Q

Where is the E.R located?

A

Extends from the nucleus to cell membrane

40
Q

What is the E.R?

A

Series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside the cell

41
Q

Why is some E.R smooth?

A

no attached ribosomes

42
Q

Why is some E.R rough?

A

attached ribosomes

43
Q

What are Golgi Bodies called?

A

Mailroom

44
Q

What do Golgi Bodies do?

A

Stacked, flattened membranes or sacs and tubes and receives and sorts proteins and other cellular substances and then packages them and sends them off

45
Q

What is the vacuole called?

A

storage

46
Q

What do vacuoles do?

A

Organelles that hold storage of materials such as water, waste products, food, and other cellular materials.

47
Q

What cells have a bigger vacuole and what happens when this cell drops?

A

plant, when it is empty, the plant may droop.

48
Q

What is the chloroplast called?

A

The Energy Maker

49
Q

What is the chloroplast do for the plant cell?

A

Produces energy

50
Q

What color is the chloroplast and why?

A

green, because of chlorophyll

51
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

process in which plants take in sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, and the chloroplasts convert these raw materials into sugar/glucose/energy for the plant. Oxygen is given off as a product.

52
Q

What do lysosomes do?

A

digests old cell parts/recycles for ANIMAL cells

53
Q

What chemicals do lysosomes have and what do they do?

A

Contain digestive chemicals that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts.

54
Q

What happens to the lysosomes when the cell dies?

A

It disintegrates

55
Q

What is osmosis?

A

water moving in and out

56
Q

What is mitosis?

A

the second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell.

57
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A

the process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy; cellular process in which mitochondria stores energy for the cells and releases it as needed

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