Cell Organelles and Macromolecules

Question 1

Building block molecule (monomer) of a carbohydrate?

Answer 1

monosaccharides

Question 2

Building block molecule (monomer) of a protein?

Answer 2

amino acids

Question 3

Building block molecule (monomer) of a lipid?

Answer 3

none

Question 4

Building block molecule (monomer) of a nucleic acid?

Answer 4

nucleotide

Question 5

purpose of a carbohydrate

Answer 5

act as an energy source, help control blood glucose and insulin metabolism, participate in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, and help with fermentation

Question 6

purpose of a protein

Answer 6

to build and repair muscles and bones and to make hormones and enzymes

Question 7

purpose of a lipid

Answer 7

controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 8

purpose of a nucleic acid

Answer 8

carries genetic info

Question 9

What is the difference between hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis?

Answer 9

hydrolysis - breaks molecules down and releases energy
dehydration synthesis - builds molecules up and requires energy

Question 10

characteristics of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 10

doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Question 11

characteristics of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 11

has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Question 12

which organelles would you find in a plant cell and not a animal cell?

Answer 12

cell wall and chloroplasts

Question 13

function of cytoplasm

Answer 13

clear substance that holds everything outside of the nucleus in the cell

Question 14

function of lysosomes

Answer 14

breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones

Question 15

function of vacuole

Answer 15

storage bubbles found in cells

Question 16

function of nucleus

Answer 16

contains DNA and controls cellular and reproduction

Question 17

function of mitochondria

Answer 17

provides energy to the cell - converts energy into forms that usable for the cell

Question 18

function of cell membrane

Answer 18

separates the interior of the cell from the outside enviorment

Question 19

function of chloroplasts

Answer 19

absorbs sunlight and uses it to produce food for plant cells

Question 20

function of cell wall

Answer 20

encloses and supports the cells in plants

Question 21

function of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 21

helps move materials around the cell

Question 22

function of golgi apparatus

Answer 22

packages and delivers proteins

Question 23

function of vesicles

Answer 23

a sac-like organelle that transports substances

Question 24

function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 24

makes lipids, gets rid of toxins

Question 25

function of ribosomes

Answer 25

makes proteins