Cell Organelle Flashcards
Nucleus
Controls all activities of the cell and is surrounded by the nuclear membrane. Contains genes on chromosomes
Cytoplasm
A liquid gel in which organelles are suspended and where most chemical reactions take place
Cell membrane
Controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell as well as urea or hormones out
Mitochondria
Structure in the cytoplasm where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell
Ribosomes
Where the protein synthesis takes place
Cell wall
Made from cellulose, gives strength and support
Chloroplasts
Found in all green parts of a plant. Contain the pigment chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis
Permanent vacuole
Space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap, keeps cells rigid
Nuclear membrane
Boundary of nucleus: controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
Plasmids
Small circular rings of DNA
Why are chemical stains used to colour the cells
It makes certain parts such as the nucleus more obvious
Making a slide of plant cells
Peel a small section of onion tissue and place on the centre of a microscope slide.
Add water using a drop pipette to the onion tissue to stop it drying out.
Gently lower the coverslip onto the onion tissue. The coverslip will help protect the lens and will also protect the cells from drying out.
Set the slide onto the stage of the microscope and examine using low power first and then high power
Making a slide of animal cells
Using your nail, gently scrape the inside of your cheek.
Smear the material gathered onto the centre of a microscope slide.
Carefully lower the coverslip on top.
Observe using a light microscope; first at low power, then using high power
Why is it important to start by using the low power objective lens
There is a greater field of view.
It is also easier to focus at low power than high power.
Total magnification of objective lenses
Eyepiece magnification x magnification of objective lens used
