Cell Notes Flashcards
the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
Cell
used a microscope to discover cells
Robert Hooke
tool used to magnify or enlarge small things
Microscope
- All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
- All cells come from cells that already exist.
Cell Theory
a tiny structure in the cell that performs a function
Organelle
directs all cell activities (similar to the brain of the cell)
Nucleus
contains DNA (genetic material that are the instructions for the cell DNA= deoxyribonucleic acid
Chromatin
surrounds the nucleus
Nuclear membrane
selectively permeable membrane meaning it only lets specific materials move in and out of the cell
Cell Membrane
gel-like material inside the cell cytosol is part of the cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
moves materiel around in the cell
ER
make proteins and translate messages
Ribosomes
the packaging organelle
Golgi bodies
powerhouse of the cell because it breaks down food molecules and releases energy *does cellular respiration
Mitochondria
storage area in the cell
Vacuole
digest wastes and worn-out cell parts, “cleans” the cell
Lysosome
contain a chemical called chlorophyll (absorbs the sun’s energy & makes the plant green) and allows the plant to make food for itself (like solar panels)
*does photosynthesis
*only in plants
Chloroplasts
outer boundary of plant cell, rigid & tough, provides support and shape-made of cellulose *only in plants
Cell Wall
Cells that do not have a nucleus, usually unicellular
Prokaryotic Cell
Cells contain a nucleus and other organelles
Eukaryotic Cell
