Cell Membrane & Transport

Question 1

the _______ ________ model is used to describe the structure of the cell membrane

Answer 1

Fluid mosaic

Question 2

A form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the cell by forming vesicles at the cell membrane

Answer 2

Pinocytosis

Question 3

transport via proteins that requires no energy input

Answer 3

facilitated transport

Question 4

the ______ gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and into its cells

Answer 4

thyroid gland

Question 5

a membrane is said to be _______ permeable if it lets some things pass through it, but does not allow other things to pass

Answer 5

selectively permeable

Question 6

the movement of a vacuole out of the cell

Answer 6

exocytosis

Question 7

a homogenous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

Answer 7

solution

Question 8

a type of endocytosis where larger substances are brought into the cell by forming vacuoles at the cell membrane

Answer 8

phagocytosis

Question 9

receptor _______ endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken into the cell via vesicle formation

Answer 9

mediated

Question 10

if a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, _________ might occur

Answer 10

plasmolysis

Question 11

if an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, _______ may occur

Answer 11

crenation

Question 12

when an animal cell is place in a hypotonic solution, may occur

Answer 12

lysis

Question 13

the sodium/potassium pump is found in large numbers in these kinds of cells

Answer 13

nerve

Question 14

carrier proteins are ________ , meaning they only carry one type of particle

Answer 14

specific

Question 15

refers to a solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 15

hypotonic

Question 16

the substance that does the dissolving in the solution

Answer 16

solvent

Question 17

___________sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

Answer 17

smaller

Question 18

__________ proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

Answer 18

enzymatic

Question 19

_______proteins can cause a change to the cell membrane when a specifically shaped molecules binds it’s binding site

Answer 19

receptor

Question 20

the diffusion rate can be increased by raising the _________, which in turn increases the the speed at which particles are moving

Answer 20

temperature

Question 21

active transport is able to move molecules _______ the concentration gradient

Answer 21

against

Question 22

when solutions on either side of a membrane are the same concentration, there is ___ net movement o water or solute across the membrane

Answer 22

No

Question 23

turgor pressure is important to plant cells because as their cells start to lose turgor pressure the plant will start to _____

Answer 23

wilt

Question 24

the substance that is being dissolved in a solution

Answer 24

solute

Question 25

this is a special type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving

Answer 25

osmosis

Question 26

“water fearing” molecules which do not mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 26

hydrophobic

Question 27

refers to a solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution

Answer 27

isotonic

Question 28

a ________ protein only passes part way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 28

peripheral

Question 29

this type of protein transport requires ATP as an energy source

Answer 29

active transport

Question 30

a carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecule in the cell membrane

Answer 30

glycolipid

Question 31

“water loving” molecules which mix well with charged or polar molecules

Answer 31

hydrophilic

Question 32

the rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the _________ gradient

Answer 32

concentration gradient

Question 33

this occurs when there is a concentration gradient across a membrane and only water is able to pass through the membrane

Answer 33

osmotic pressure

Question 34

a cell ____________ protein has glycoproteins attached to it which are unique to each organism and aid in immune system recognition

Answer 34

cell recognition protein

Question 35

this molecule is the energy currency of the cell

Answer 35

ATP- adenosine triphosphate

Question 36

movement of molecules along a concentration gradient

Answer 36

diffusion

Question 37

a carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

Answer 37

glycoprotein

Question 38

the movement of a vacuole into the cell

Answer 38

endocytosis

Question 39

an __________ protein passes all the way through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Answer 39

integral protein

Question 40

refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

Answer 40

hypertonic

Question 41

when movement of molecules does not require additional energy input, it is called

Answer 41

passive

Question 42

if a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, an increase in ___________ pressure will develop

Answer 42

turgor pressure

Question 43

a ________ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with the concentration gradient AND without use of ATP

Answer 43

channel protein