Cell: Membrane structure and function

Question 1

What prevents Ions from diffusing directly through plasma membranes?

Answer 1

Since the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the membrane is non-polar, it only allows non-polar or uncharged particles to pass through the small openings.

Question 2

Plasma membrane functions (4)

Answer 2

Transport, attachment, semipermeable barrier, cell communication

Question 3

Passive transport

Answer 3

Uses energy of concentration gradient for net movement of particles from high solute concentration to low solute concentration.

Question 4

Simple Diffusion

Answer 4

Tiny uncharged solute particles move directly through the cell membrane

Question 5

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 5

Large quantities of solute, large particles, or charged particles move through transporter proteins.

Question 6

Osmosis

Answer 6

Water moves from high solvent concentration (low solute concentration) to low solvent concentration (high solute concentration)

Question 7

Active transport

Answer 7

Uses ATP to move solutes from low concentration to high concentration via endocytosis and exocytosis. Creates or maintains a concentration gradient.

Question 8

endocytosis

Answer 8

transport into cell via engulfing

Question 9

exocytosis

Answer 9

transport out of cell

Question 10

Primary active transport

Answer 10

transporter protein uses ATP to change protein shape for transport.

Question 11

Secondary active transport

Answer 11

Using a concentration gradient of one substance, caused by primary active transport, to transport a second substance

Question 12

Uniporter transporter protein

Answer 12

Moves one type of particle in one direction

Question 13

Symporter transporter protein

Answer 13

Moves two types of particles in the same direction

Question 14

Antiporter transporter protein

Answer 14

Moves two types of particles in opposite directions

Question 15

Cell junctions

Answer 15

protein bridges that connect adjacent cells in multicellular organisms.

Question 16

Cell communication in multicellular organisms (4)

Answer 16

1. Send signal
2. Target cell receives signal
3. Target cell responds
4. Signal is terminated