Cell Membrane and Transport

Question 1

What surrounds all cells?

Answer 1

cell membrane

Question 2

Cell membrane functions

Answer 2

regulates what enters and leaves, protects and supports cell, communicate w cell

Question 3

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 3

2 layers of phospholipid on cell membranes which protects and repels molecules `

Question 4

hydrophilic part of phospholipid

Answer 4

head on the outside touching the water

Question 5

hydrophobic part of phospholipid

Answer 5

tail on the inside of cell membrane, away from water

Question 6

selectively permeable

Answer 6

only allows certain things to pass through

Question 7

cell membrane main properties

Answer 7

flexible, self-repairing, can be divided, selectively permeable, contains protein channels for certain molecules

Question 8

cell transport

Answer 8

movement across the cell membrane

Question 9

what is allowed in cell?

Answer 9

Depends on: size, electrical charge, concentration, needs of cells

Question 10

types of transport

Answer 10

Passive and active transport

Question 11

what is passive transport?

Answer 11

Transport of molecules from high to low concentrations using simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis without the use of ATP

Question 12

Simple Diffusion

Answer 12

When molecules don’t have a charge and are small enough to pass through the phospholipid bilayer

Question 12

facilitated diffusion

Answer 12

diffusion with the aid of protein channels + carrier proteins

Question 13

protein channel

Answer 13

open for smaller, molecules to pass through with the addition of hormones

Question 14

carrier proteins

Answer 14

for larger charged molecules

Question 15

Compare simple diffusion to facilitated diffusion

Answer 15

while both simple and facilitated diffusion move molecules from high to low concentrations, facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to assist molecules when moving from high to low

Question 16

osmosis

Answer 16

diffusion of water high to low concentrations

Question 17

hypertonic

Answer 17

solute with high concentration outside of cell causing cell to shrink/shrivel up and die

Question 18

hypotonic

Answer 18

solute with a low concentration outside of cell causing cell to expand/explode and die

Question 19

isotonic

Answer 19

equal amounts of solute and water = equilibrium causing a normal looking cell

Question 20

hypertonic plant

Answer 20

plasmolysed

Question 21

hypertonic animal

Answer 21

creanated

Question 22

hypotonic plant

Answer 22

turgid

Question 23

hypotonic animal

Answer 23

lysed

Question 24

What is active transport?

Answer 24

Movement of molecules from low to high levels of concentration using ATP

Question 25

Types of Active Transport

Answer 25

Endocytosis (enter)
Exocytosis (exit)
Protein Pumps

Question 26

Endocytosis

Answer 26

bringing materials into the cell by infolding the membrane creating vesicle

Question 27

Exocytosis

Answer 27

the membrane of vesicle surrounding materials fuses with cell membrane and forces the content out of the cell

Question 28

protein pump

Answer 28

when molecules are moves from low to high concentration using a protein channel