Cell Membrane

Question 1

Transport (channel) proteins

Answer 1

Proteins that help carry susbtances across the membrane or allows molecules to pass through a channel

Question 2

How many layers of phospholipids are in cell membrane?

Answer 2

2 (Bilayer)

Question 3

Membrane protein

Answer 3

A protein associated with the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane (3 types)

Question 4

Hypotonic

Answer 4

When there is a higher concentration of solute inside of a cell than the outside

Question 5

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 5

Mmodel that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane (‘Fluid’ for ability to move and ‘mosaic’ for the patterns)

Question 6

Receptor proteins

Answer 6

Proteins that transmit information in and out of cells. They allow communication between cells

Question 7

Osmosis

Answer 7

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 8

Aquaporin

Answer 8

Water channel protein in a cell

Question 9

Hydrophilic

Answer 9

Water loving

Question 10

What part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?

Answer 10

Phosphate head

Question 11

Hypertonic

Answer 11

When there is a higher concentration of a solute outside of a cepp compared to the inside

Question 12

What molecules use osmosis?

Answer 12

Water

Question 13

Isotonic

Answer 13

When the solute is equal inside and outside of the cell

Question 14

Cell membrane

Answer 14

A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell

Question 15

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?

Answer 15

Lipid tail

Question 16

Types of Active Transport

Answer 16

• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis

Question 17

What happensin an isotonic solution?

Answer 17

No net water movement

Question 18

Types of Passive Transport

Answer 18

• Diffusion
• Facilitated Diffusion
• Osmosis

Question 19

Phagocytosis

Answer 19

A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs LARGE particles or whole cells - means “cell-eating”

Question 20

Pinocytosis

Answer 20

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved soluts - means “cell-drinking”

Question 21

Two types of Active Transport

Answer 21

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Question 22

What molecules use facilitated diffusion?

Answer 22

• Sugars
• Amino Acids
• Ions
• Sometimes waters

Question 23

Diffusion

Answer 23

• Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (directly THROUGH cell membrane)

Question 24

Active transport

Answer 24

The movement of materials through a cell membrane that uses energy/ATP and moves things from low to high

Question 25

What molecules use diffusion?

Answer 25

• Oxygen
• Carbon Dioxide
• Water

Question 26

Exocytosis

Answer 26

A process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane

Question 27

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 27

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (directly THROUGH cell membrane)

Question 28

Solute

Answer 28

The substance that is dissolved (sugar/salt)

Question 29

Sodium - Potassium Pump

Answer 29

A carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell - useful in maintaining homeostasis in cells

Question 30

Endocytosis

Answer 30

A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane

Question 31

Hydro phobic

Answer 31

Water fearing

Question 32

What will happen in a hyptertonic solution?

Answer 32

Cells will lose water/shrink

Question 33

Marker proteins

Answer 33

Proteins that extend across the cell membrane and serve to identify the cell

Question 34

What will happen in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 34

Water will diffuse into the cell and “dilute” the cell contents

Question 35

Cholesterol in cell membrane

Answer 35

Provides structure and prevents fatty tails from sticking together

Question 36

Selectively permeable

Answer 36

Some substances can pass through them and other substances cannot

Question 37

Passive Transport

Answer 37

• Requires NO energy
• Movement of molecules from high to low concentration
• Moves WITH the concentration gradient