cell membrane Flashcards
phospholipid does?
main component of membrane and forms phospholipid.
protein does?
embedded in the cell membrane and used for transport in & out of cell
Carb does?
Attached to phospholipid or proteins, used for cell identification
cholesterol does?
hydrophobic part of membrane, regulates fluidity of membrane
passive transport criteria
- no energy needed
- allows certain substances to pass thru
active transport criteria?
- needs energy
- controls movement of molecules.
diffusion diffs? (passive)
-high to low con
- moves down gradient
osmosis diffs? (passvie)
- diffusion of WATER across semipermeable membrane
- water move thru membrane or aquaporins
- move DOWN gradient
facilitated diffusion diffs? (passive)
- sometimes too big, use protein channel or carrier
- move molecs from HIGHER con to LOWER
- move down gradient
diff between facili and diffusion
simple: substance pass thru phospholipids
facili: use protein carrier
protein pump is?
uses ENERGY to move molecs from LOW to HIGH
- against gradient
- send signal in nervous system
carrier protein is?
- against gradient to transport substances in/out of cell
- active transport (need ATP)
endocytosis diffs?
- when cell takes in large amounts of small particles
- “eats” it basically
e.g. eats bacteria in immune sys
exocytosis diffs?
- cell sends materials out of cell thru vesicles
- basically secretes important proteins
e.g. insulin
Iso means…
same!
solution will stay the same
hypo means…
low!
solute outside is LOWER than inside
what happens in hypo solutions?
the cell will grow (swells) and it could burst
hyper means…
high!
solute outside is HIGHER than inside
what happens in hyper solutions?
the cell will shrink bc water moved out. Can dry and shrivel.
eukaryotic diffs
- has nucleus
- has organelles
- multicellular or unicellular
prokaryotic diffs
- no nuclues
- no organelles
- all unicellular
glycolipid is…
- carbs attached to lipids
- provides stability and cell identification
glycoprotein is…
- carb and protein
- surface receptors and maintaining stability
