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Molecular Bio Test 2 > Cell Junctions > Flashcards

Cell Junctions Flashcards

1
Q

four classes of cell junctions

A

anchoring
occluding
channel forming
signal relaying

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2
Q

anchoring junctions

A

control cell to cell adhesions and cell matrix adhesion

connected to cytoskeletal inside the cell

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3
Q

actin filament attachment cites in anchoring junctions

A

either adherens or actin linked cell matrix adhesions

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4
Q

intermediate filament attachment sites in anchoring junctions

A

desmosomes

hemidesmosomes

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5
Q

occluding junctions

A

seals gaps between cells so that epithelium is impermeable barrier

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6
Q

channel forming junction

A

creates passage way for small molecules and ions to pass from cell to cell

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7
Q

signal relay junction

A

allows signals to be related from cell to cell across their plasma membrane at cell to cell contact

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8
Q

list of type of junctions on slide 99

top to bottom

A

tight junction

adherents junction

desmosomes

gap junction

then on floor is actin linked cell matrix adhesion and hemidesmosome

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9
Q

list junction types from apical to basal

A

occluding

cell to cell anchoring

channel forming

cell matrix anchoring

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10
Q

what is an example of homophillic adhesion?

A

catenins

highly selective recognition in tight junctions

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11
Q

cadherins are __ dependent and bind to ___

A

calcium dependent, bind to like (homophillic adhesion)

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12
Q

what links classical cadherins to cytoskeleton

A

B-catenin, p120 catenin, y-catenin

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13
Q

2 superfamilies of cadherin

A

classical

nonclassical

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14
Q

classical cadherins

A

main mediators of Ca2+ dependent junctions

E cadherin (most) (epithelial cells, brain) 
N cadherin (muscle, nerve, lens)
VE cadherin (endothelial cell
P cadherin (placenta)
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15
Q

nonclassical cadherins

A

include desmocollins and desmogleins that form desmosome junctions

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16
Q

True or false?

none of the adhesion molecules are bound directly to cytoskeleton

A

true

they all must have linker proteins on cytoplasmic side (i.e. catenins)

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17
Q

tight junctions

A

exclude molecules from apical and basal side so that they can selectively pass

  1. barrier funciton
  2. fence function
  3. signaling function
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18
Q

what anchors tight junctions to actin cytoskeleton

19
Q

what anchors adherent to eptiheleium

A

adhesion belt

20
Q

molecules involved in polarity

downstream of cadherins coming together

A

Par
Crumbs
Scribble

21
Q

what type of junctions has size restrictions?

A

gap junction

allows ions and very small molecules (i.e. glucose)

1000 Daltons (1 kD)

22
Q

what are the proteins that make up gap junctions?

23
Q

connexins

A

make up gap jxns

continually removed and replaced

can be same (homo) or different (hetero)

24
Q

basal lamina is made of

A

laminin

collagen type IV

25
Q

bidirectional signaling

A

information can flow from extracellular in or intracellular out

this is a characteristic of basal lamina

26
Q

focal adhesions

A

link ECM to thru integrin receptor to actin cytoskeleton

if unstable – nascent

27
Q

focal contacts

A

sites in the ECM, integrins, and cytoskeleton interact

28
Q

FAK

A

cytoplasmic tyK

recruited by talin or pazillin and provide docking site for Src kinase

29
Q

extraceulluar macromolecules of matrix

A

GAGs

fibrous proteins

30
Q

GAGs

A

covalently linked to proteins to form proteoglycans – ground substance

31
Q

fibrous proteins

A

collagen and fibronectin

structural and adhesive

32
Q

Laminin

A

primary organizer of sheet structure

classical laminin (a, b, y)

33
Q

type Iv

A

tensile strength to basal lamina

superhelix of 3 proteins

34
Q

what links laminin and Type IV collagen?

A

nidogen and perlecan

35
Q

integrins

A

span membrane with short C terminal tail and long N terminal

bind to form cytoskeleton

36
Q

integrins

A

utilize laminin and type IV

dimeric

they’re the anchor to the basal lamina

37
Q

activation of integrins requires what protein?

A

focal adhesion kinase

38
Q

inside out activation

A

intracellular signals cause talon to move to a-b linkage, integrin is active

39
Q

signal to integrin can come via

A

outside (substrate)

inside (signal)

40
Q

what type of cells make up ECM?

A

fibroblasts

41
Q

GAGs

A

big squishy part of ECM

lubricate and connect things

HUGE proteoglycans

sugars connected to proteins connected to another protein

42
Q

hyaluronic acid

A

long stem on the GAGs

building block

highly hydrated, takes up lots of space

squishy

43
Q

collagen

A

all the cross linking takes place in ER

fibroblasts ER is where collagen assembly takes place

44
Q

what is essential for the affinity of collagen fibers?

A

Poly/Lysl hydroxylases

for all the pro filaments really

defects of these enzymes or lack of the substrates

Molecular Bio Test 2 (6 decks)

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