Cell Injury Flashcards
cellular Injury dependant on…
type of Insult
status of cells at time of insult
Adaptability of cells
Genetic makeup of cell
mechanism of cell injury
reduced O2 Infectious Agents Aberrant Immune Reaction genetic Abnormalities Nutritional Deficiencies physical Factors Chemical Factors
Liable cells
continuously dividing cells
ex. bone marrow, transitional epithelium, &
stratified squamous of skin & Oral cavity
stable cells
Quiescent cells
ex. liver, kidney, & fibroblasts
permanent cells
non-dividing cells
ex. Neurons & cardiomyocytes + Skeletal
Reversible cell injury
mild injury leads to sub-lethal alterations/injury &
inflammation in the affected cell with recovery resulting in a return to pre injury state
→ PT interventions influence this process
Chronic cell injury (Adaptation)
Occurrence of a sublethal stress over a period
of time cell adaptation allows to function in the altered environment
Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, & metaplasia
→ adapting to chronic insult
→ leads to ↓ function
Irreversible Cell Injury
AKA cell death (necrosis + apoptosis)
APOPTOSIS
usually a natural, well regulated process
→ embryogenesis/cellular house cleaning)
Necrosis
tissue injury resulting in cell death
w/in living tissue
caused by trauma, infection, or toxins
→ results in unregulated digestion of cell component
→ uncontrolled release of cell death product → ECM
→ initiates an inflammatory response
→ accumulation of decomposing cell debris
In the case of necrosis, trauma, infection, or toxins result in ….
unregulated digestion of cell component
unregulated digestion of cell components leads to
Uncontrolled release of cell death product → ECM
Uncontrolled release of cell death product → ECM leads to
inflammatory response
→ uncontrolled release of cell death product → ECM
→ initiates an inflammatory response
→ accumulation of
decomposing cell debris
Debridement
surgical removal of dead tissue
