Cell Homeostasis and Transport

Question 1

not rigid, fluid like with the movement of molecules. “proteins drift from place to place among the phospholipids; semipermeable barrier that allows only certain things to pass through

Answer 1

Fluid Mosaic Model

Question 2

2 layers that create the main structure of the cell membrane

Answer 2

The phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

primary component of the cell membrane

Answer 3

The phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

allows small molecules (water, oxygen and carbon dioxide) to pass directly into and out of the cell.

Answer 4

The phospholipid bilayer

Question 5

The membrane is permeable to small molecules

Answer 5

The phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

This is a protein that is embedded throughout the entire phospholipid bilayer

Answer 6

A transport protein

Question 7

What is another name for a transport protein

Answer 7

A channel or Carrier protein

Question 8

What helps the cell to receive chemical information

Answer 8

A receptor cell

Question 9

Allows substances to bind to the surface of the cell

Answer 9

A receptor cell

Question 10

These help to identify cell type

Answer 10

Recognition proteins

Question 11

These help with adhesion, cells stick to other cell to form tissues

Answer 11

recognition proteins

Question 12

What are glycoproteins with carbohydrate branches

Answer 12

recognition proteins

Question 13

What are the two categories of processes

Answer 13

passive and active

Question 14

No energy is expended by the cell in what process

Answer 14

passive

Question 15

What must exist for passive transport?

Answer 15

a concentration gradient

Question 16

Explain how passive transport works.

Answer 16

a high vs. low in amount of molecule in a given space, movement from high to low concentration, the movement continues until equilibrium is reached, a balanced bunch of molecules

Question 17

What are two examples of passive transport?

Answer 17

diffusion and osmosis

Question 18

What is diffusion?

Answer 18

the movement of molecules of a high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Question 19

Name an example of diffusion in everyday life.

Answer 19

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 20

Name an example of diffusion in a cell

Answer 20

A Human Muscle Cell Respiring Aerobically

Question 21

What is osmosis?

Answer 21

Diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to low, It is dependent on solute in a solution where the solvent was water

Question 22

What does a red blood cell look like in an isotonic solution?

Answer 22

It looks normal

Question 23

What does a red blood cell look like in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 23

It looks shriveled

Question 24

What does a red blood cell look like in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 24

It is expanded

Question 25

Diffusion of a molecule that is aided by a transport protein.

Answer 25

Facilitated diffusion

Question 26

True or False. Movement in facilitated diffusion is always from low to high concentration.

Answer 26

False. It is always from high to low concentration

Question 27

Explain the three steps of facilitated diffusion of a glucose molecule.

Answer 27

``` #1 After a meal, the glucose is highly concentrated in the blood and there is low concentration in the cells #2 A transport protein specific for glucose accepts a glucose molecule #3 A carrier protein helps glucose molecule move into the cell. ```

Question 28

In active transport, a cell must expend _____ energy to move molecules across the membranes

Answer 28

ATP

Question 29

Name 2 types of active transport

Answer 29

Endocytosis and exocytosis

Question 30

Active transport into cell, can involve transport proteins or cell membranes engulfing molecules

Answer 30

Endocytosis

Question 31

Name an example of endocytosis

Answer 31

Transport of amino acids into the cell after the digestion of a protein

Question 32

This occurs when the cell membrane engulfs solid particles to carry them into cytoplasm

Answer 32

Phagocytosis (THINK OF YOUR BROTHER EATING HIS TWIN) HAHAHAHAHAHA

Question 33

Name two examples of phagocytosis

Answer 33

When an amoeba feeds on bacteria | When a white blood cell engulfing bacteria and destroying them

Question 34

This occurs when cells are surrounded by tissue fluids, water can move from surrounding solution into a cell, direction of water movement depends on the concentration of water molecules on wither side of the cell membrane, water concentration same in the cell water will move into and out of the cell at the same rate, surrounding solution is isotonic, molecules highly concentration inside cell water will move out of the cell, surrounding solution is hypertonic molecules are more highly concentrated in surrounding solution water will move in the cell, the cell gets bigger (cytosis)

Answer 34

Pinocytosis

Question 35

Explain exocytosis

Answer 35

``` #1 Food particle taken in by endocytosis #2 Fusion forms a secondary lysome #3 Food particles are digested #4 Waste is removed via exocytosis ```