cell functions Flashcards
what is the CYTOPLASM
cell fluid, made up of water and ions.
what is the CYTOSKELETON
cell skeleton, gives shape to the cell, holds organelles in place, made up of microfilaments, and microtubules
what are MICROTUBULES?
give she shape to the cell
- act as “tracks” for the movement of organelles
what does the NUCLEUS do
holds and protects DNA
what is the Endoplastic Reticulum (ER)
a series of canals, connected to the golgi apparatus
what is ROUGH ER
has ribosomes attached, makes proteins,
what is smooth ER
has no ribosomes, makes fats, lipids, and steroids
what are the RIBOSOMES?
makes protein, made up of the largesubunit, and small subunit
what is the GOLGI APPARATUS
packages and ships materials
-modifies proteins before they are shipped out
what are microfilaments
smallest fiber of the cytoskeleton
helps with movement and cell division
what are LYSOSOMES
digestive sacs, aka vesicles, helps aid in the breakdown of molecules ingested by the cell.
-only found in animal and fungal cells
what does the MITOCHONDRIA do?
breaks down nutrients into useable energy
has an inner and outer membrane
what are VACUOLES?
food vacoles stores chemicals, waste
contractive vacoles gets rid of excess waste or water
what do centrioles do
builds microtubioles
what are flagella
spinning-like tail structure for movement
what are cillia
hair-like structures for movement
what does the cell wall do?
provides rigid support, made of cellulose
what do chloroplasts do?
creates sugar for plants through photosynthesis