Cell Envelope & Membrane

Question 1

What is the cell theory?

Answer 1

The cell is the fundamental unit of life.

Question 2

List 4 processes shared by all living things.

Answer 2

Cells are capable of growing, reproducing, responding and metabolizing.

Question 3

What is the cell envelope?

Answer 3

Series of layered structures
that surround the cytoplasm and govern the cellular interactions with the external environment.

Question 4

Why does the cell need a cell envelope? (5)

Answer 4

Provides structure and shape to the cell; protects from osmotic forces (from bursting); can aid in attachment to other cells; help some bacteria resist antimicrobial drugs; allows import & export of materials

Question 5

What are the major components of prokaryotic cell envelope? (3)

Answer 5

cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall and s-layers

Question 6

State 6 things about the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.

Answer 6

Surrounds the cytoplasm (separates from the environment); beneath glycocalyx & cell wall; also called cell membrane/plasma membrane; 8 nm thick; made of phospholipids & proteins; some contain sterol like molecules

Question 7

__% of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is _______. Including _______ membrane proteins and _________ proteins.

Answer 7

50; proteins; integral; peripheral

Question 8

What do peripheral proteins functions as in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane?

Answer 8

As enzymes, receptors, carriers and channels.

Question 9

Give an example of integral membrane proteins.

Answer 9

Channel proteins