cell energy vocab Flashcards
autotroph
an organism that can produce its own food using light,water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals
light reactions
first stage of photosynthesis process in which solar energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH
chlorophyll
A pigment that gives plants their green color
photosynthesis
The process which plans use sunlight water and carbon dioxide to create oxygen energy in the form of sugar
Calvin cycle
A process that plants and algae used to turn carbon dioxide from the air into sugar the food autotroph need to grow
electron transport chain
Electrons are passed from one molecule to another and energy released in these electron transfers is used to format, electrochemical, gradient
NADPH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate make a procedure photosynthesis
pigment
Substance that gives color to other materials
Granum
A stack of coin shapes thylakoids in the chloroplast of plant cells
stomata
The tiny openings present on the epidermidis of leaves
carbon fixation
The process by which plants fix atmospheric carbon to form organic compounds
heterotroph
An organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients
thylakoids
pouch like sacks that are bound to a membrane in the chloroplast of a plant cell
carotenoids
Pigments in plants algae in photosynthesis bacteria
mitochondrial matrix
The space within the inner membrane
aerobic respiration
The process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food
fermentation
The process in which of substance breaks down into a simpler substance
NAD plus
Nitocinamide adenine nucleotide
alcoholic fermentation
A biological process by which sugar is converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide
Glycosis
The process in which glucose is broken down to produce energy
NADH
Niacinamide adenine nucleotide plus hydrogen
anaerobic respiration
The process in which incomplete oxidation of glucose occurs in the absence of oxygen
Cellular respiration
The process by which organisms use oxygen to break down food molecules to get chemical energy for cell functions
Krebs cycle
A series of chemical reactions in living things in which aesthetic acid are related substances oxidized to produce energy which is stored in ATP
