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Biology > Cell Division > Flashcards

Cell Division Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The only organisms can heal wounds or grow

Takes place in the cell

A

Cell Reproduction

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2
Q

Process of cell reproduction

A

Cell cycle

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3
Q

A professional who helps families regarding genetic disorders

A

Genetic counselor

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4
Q

Cells that are capable of renewal and differentiation

A

Stem Cells

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5
Q

Offers hope of effevtive treatment for several diseases and disorders

A

Stem Cell technology

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6
Q

Process of making copies of its dna

A

Replication

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7
Q

Stage of cell cycle which nucleus and nuclear material divides

A

Mitosis

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8
Q

Contains identical DNA copies and formed during DNA replication

A

Sister Chromatids

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9
Q

Example of cell reproduction

A

Wound Healing

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10
Q

Result of cell division or reproduction

A

Formation of Scab

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11
Q

Control center of the cell

Directs all the activites of the cell

A

Nucleus

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12
Q

Inside the nucleus, you will find…

A

Chromosomes

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13
Q

Structure that contains the genes

A

Chromosomes

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14
Q

Relaxed form of DNA

Uncoiled DNA

A

Chromatin

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15
Q

Reproduces by a process known as binary fission

A

Prokaryotes

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16
Q

Reproduces by cell division

A

Eukaryotes

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17
Q

A cycle of growing and dividing

A

Cell cycle

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18
Q

Nuclear divisiom

A

Mitosis

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19
Q

Cytoplasm division

A

Cytokinesis

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20
Q

The stage during which cell grows

Carries out of cellular functions and replicates

A

Interphase

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21
Q

Three substages of interphase

A

Gap 1
Synthesis
Gap 2

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22
Q

Is where the cell grows and performs its normal function

Purpose is for cell growth

A

Gap 1

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23
Q

Substage where DNA is replicated

A

Synthesis

24
Q

The cell prepares for mitosis or divisio of the nucleus

Further cell growth and preparation for cell division

A

Gap 2

25
Q

Four stages of Mitosis

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

PMAT

26
Q

The stage when cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell

A

Cytokinesis

27
Q

In plant cell, the cell divides at the structure called

A

Cell plate

28
Q

In animal cell, the cell divides at the structure called

A

Cell ring

29
Q

Stages of Cytokinesis

A 
Interphase
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase and Cytokinesis

IPPMAT

30
Q

Forms during prophase and prometaphase WHEN THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE STARTS TO DISAPPEAR

A

Spindle

31
Q

THREE TYPES OF MICROTUBULES

A

Polar
Astral
Kinetochore

32
Q

Overlap in the middle region of the cell and keep the two poles apart

A

Polar Microtubules

33
Q

Interact with the proteins attached to the cell membrane

A

Astral Microtubules

34
Q

Ensures that the two chromatids will move to the opposite poles

A

Kinetochore Microtubules

35
Q

Structure at the center of the chromosomes

Ensures that a complete copy of replicated dna cell will become part of the daughter cells

A

Centromere

36
Q

Organelle in the cytoplasm near the nucleus

Consist of a pair of centrioles

A

Centrosome

37
Q

Checkpoints that acts as a Built in stop signals that halt the cells

A

Restriction point

38
Q

Two kinds of molecules control the timing of the cell

A

Cyclin

Protein kinase

39
Q

Marks a key decision point of the cell

A

G1 to S transition

40
Q

If it receives go ahead, the cell… If no, the cell…

A

Will complete the cell division

Will exit the cell cycle and become non dividing cell

41
Q

A regulatory protein whose levels fluctuate cynically in a cell

A

Cyclin

42
Q

catalyze the phosphorylation of target proteins that regulate the cell cycle

A

Protein kinase

43
Q

the kind of protein kinase involving in the timing of the cell cycle

These enzymes are activated by binding to the protein cell cycle, wc exposes the active site of CDK and activates molecule

A

Cyclin Dependent kinase

44
Q

Points where signaling pathways regulate the process of cell cycle

A

Cell cycle checkpoints

45
Q

Both triggered by DNA damage

A

G1 and G2 checkpoints

46
Q

Triggered by incomplete replication or DNA damage

A

S checkpoint

47
Q

Triggered by a chromosome that fails to attach to the spindle

A

M checkpoint

48
Q

Undergone by somatic cells (body cells)

Means of increasing numbers of cells and replacing worn out tissue

Asexual reproduction for unicellular organisms

A

Mitosis

49
Q

The cells needs to divide for

A

Growth and Development
Cell replacement
Sexual and Asexual reproduction

50
Q

Mainly concerned with the maintenance of the life processes of the cell

A

Somatic cells

Body cells

51
Q

Involves the production of offspring

A

Reproduction cells

Gametes

52
Q

Process of transferring traits from one generation to another generation

A

Heredity

53
Q

The process of transferring traits from one generation to another generation

A

Heredity

54
Q

Deals with genetic differences among organisms

A

Variation

55
Q

Contains the DNA

Genetic material wc is passed from one generation to another

facilitate func of the cells

A

Chromosomes

Biology (3 decks)

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