Cell division Flashcards

1
Q

The study of chromosome number, structure,
function, and behavior in relation to gene
inheritance, organization and expression

A

Cytogenetics

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2
Q
  • Father of modern taxonomy.
  • Laid the foundations for the modern scheme
    of binomial nomenclature.
A

Carl Linnaeus

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3
Q

-The father of Genetics.

-Published the results of his
investigations of the inheritance of
“factors” in pea plants.

A

Gregor Mendel

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4
Q

These are the Mendelian Laws of Inheritance

A
  1. Law of Segregation

2. Law of Independent Assortment

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5
Q

The term genetics was first coined by?

A

W. Bateson in 1905

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6
Q

The word genetics was derived from the Greek root ’Gen’ which means

A

‘to become’ or ‘to grow into’.

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7
Q

refers to the transmission of characters from parents to their offspring.

A

Heredity

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8
Q

The variations are mainly of two types namely

A
Hereditable (genetic)
Non Hereditable  ( environmental )
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9
Q

Works in flowering plants

A

Hugo de Vries

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10
Q

He used maize and peas, He also worked out law of hereditary

A

Carl Correns

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11
Q

He worked out law of hereditary using peas.

A

Von Tschermak.

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12
Q

-Pangenesis theory

- Preformatonism – there
is a preformed bodies
Homunculus

A

Aristotle

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13
Q

This theory states that a miniature human called ‘homunculus’ was
already preformed in the egg and sperm.

A

Preformation Theory

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14
Q

it states that egg or sperm cells do not contain miniature human but that the gametes contained undifferentiated living substance capable of forming the organized body after fertilization.

A

Theory of Epigenesis

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15
Q

This theory states that a new character once acquired by an individual shall pass on to its progeny.

A

Theory of Acquired characters

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16
Q

-called gemmule or pangene.
-The gemmulues were passed on to the gametes. The young one formed from the gametes would be having all the gemmules characteristics of the parents, and
will represent a blending of the qualities of its two parents.

A

Theory of Pangenes

17
Q

Published The Origin of Species.

Formulated the theory of Natural
Selection.

A

Charles Darwin

18
Q

organism’s body contains two types of cells namely

somatic cells and reproductive cells.

A

Germplasm Theory

19
Q

These people conducted Pre-Medelian Experiment

A

Knight (1779)
J.Kolreuter
Gartner (1772-1850) and Naudin (1815-1899)

20
Q

Fertilization.
- he pointed out the interrelationships between cytology and Mendelism, closing the gap between cell
morphology and heredity.

A

Walter Sutton

21
Q

Weak acid.

A

Friedrich Miescher

22
Q

DNA- genetic

material.

A

Oswald Avery ,
Colin MacLeod ,
Maclyn McCarty.

23
Q

Used phages in which the protein was labeled with 35S and the DNA with 32P for the final proof that DNA is the molecule of heredity.

A

Martha Chase

Alfred Hershey

24
Q

Obtained sharp X-ray diffraction photographs of DNA.

A

Rosalind Franklin

25
Solved the three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecule. DNA is double stranded.
Francis Crick James Watson
26
the basic structural and | functional unit of living organisms.
Cell
27
a collection of ideas | and conclusions from many different scientists over time that describes cells and how cells operate.
cell theory
28
An organism that is made up of only one cell
Unicellular Organisms
29
The unit used to measure size of a cell is micrometer.
1 µm = 1 / 1000 millimeter
30
Smallest cell
Sperm cell Size: 5 µm
31
Largest cell
Ovum cell Size: 120 µm
32
Longest cell
Nerve cell Size: 1 m