Cell Division Flashcards
What is a chromosome?
Thin strands of DNA coiled
How many pairs of chromosomes are there?
23,46 in total
What is a Gene?
a small section of DNA that codes for a particular sequence of amino acids which are put together to make a specific protein
DNA determines what type of _____ the cells produce
proteins
What is DNA?
The unique molecule that makes up part of your chromosome. Double helix spiral structure
What is genome?
an entire set of genetic material in an organism
Why is understanding the human genome important for scientists? linked
It allows identifying genes that are linked with diseases
Why is understanding the human genome important for scientists? inherited diseases
Knowing what genes are linked to inherited diseases could help scientists develop effective treatments.
Why is understanding the human genome important for scientists? africa
Scientists can look at genomes to trace migrations of population as they are all descent from africa but migrated and developed tiny differences in their genomes, so they can track when they migrated, by investigating what route they took.
How are gametes formed?
By meiosis
In a gamete how many chromosomes are there are why?
23 because they collide with the other to form 46 when they fertilise.
What is the cell cycle?
Where the body cells divides in a series of stages
What is Mitosis?
Divides into two by the cell cycle and the cells are identical therefore there is a copy of genetic material.
What is Asexual reproduction?
where mitosis happens for the exact same offspring this is why the offspring contains exactly the same genes. There is no fusion, no genetic variation, they’re clones
What is Stage 1 of the Meitosis cycle?
There is an increase in mass and carries out normal cell activities, DNA replicates and ready to separate, sub-cellular structures increase ready for division, chromosomes line up in the middle and nucleus disappears.
