cell division Flashcards
chromosome
coiled DNA
contains blueprint for structures & functions
Diploid Chromosome Number
total # of chromosome in the nucleus of each somatic cell always even!
MITOSIS
Sex Chromosome Number
1 of the pairs of chromosome that make up the diploid chromo. number
determine gender
Haploid Chromosome number
reduced number of chromosome in the reproductive cells
MEIOSiS
Chromatids
strands of genetic info.
1 chromarid + 1 chromatid joined by a centromere= a chromosome
centromere
protein disk that hold together chromatids to form a chromosome
HOLD CHROMOSOME TO A SPINDLE FIBER during cell division
spindle fiber
middle of microtubule that extend from centromere
aid in PULLING CHROMOSOME apart
cytokinesis
separation of cytoplasm into SEPARATE DAUGHTER CELL
CYTOKINESIS
final act cell splits in two
what is before mitosis
INTERPHASE
interphase
life sustaining activities
3 phases of interphase
G1 protein sythesis ATP production
S DNA duplicates identical copies
G2 organelles duplicate
Mitosis
P.M.A.T.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
two phases of prophase
early prophase
late prophase
early prophase
chromatin finishes turning into chromosome
later prophase
nuclear envelop, nucleus, cytoskeleton disappear.
microtubules begin to lengthen from centrioles
Metaphase
chromo’s line up in exact middle of cell!
spindle fibers attach to centromere
anaphase
has two phases
early anaphase
late anaphase
early anaphase
CHROMATIDS SPLIT APART
each chromatid becomes chromosome
late anaphase
CLEVAGE FURROW develops
telophase
cell continues to split in half
chromosome revert back to chromatin
nuclear envelop reappears
spindle fibers disassemble
CYTOKEIESIS
END OF TELOPHASE
process of cytoplasmic division
TWO new DAUGHTER cells(cycle is about to repeat itself)
