Cell Division

Question 1

Prophase 2

Answer 1

there are now 2 haploid cells

spindle fibres reform

centrioles move to opposite poles

Question 2

Prophase 1

Answer 2

nuclear membrane disappears

chromatin condenses

centrioles move to opposite poles

sidle fibres start to form

Question 3

Primary tumour

Answer 3

first tumour

Question 4

Process of oogenesis

Answer 4

Starts as diploid oogonium

undergoes mitosis to create 2 primary oocytes

the oocytes then are stalled in Prophase 1

During the cycle;e the primary oocyte goes through meiosis fully and forms two haploid cells

the one with most cytoplasm becomes secondary oocyte, other becomes polar body

The secondary oocyte then goes through Meisosis 2, forms 1 mature egg and one polar body

Question 5

What are homologous pairs

Answer 5

“tetrad”

one from mom

one from dad

Question 6

What is tetrad

Answer 6

4 chromatids, different alles

crossing over happens

Question 7

4 phases of mitossi

Answer 7

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 8

What plants are diploid

Answer 8

Fern and conifer

Question 9

Basic process of Meiosis

Answer 9

Copy chromosomes then divide twice

Question 10

Metastasis

Answer 10

spreading of cancer cells

Question 11

Prophase

Answer 11

chromatin condenses into chromosome

nuclear membrane breaks down

centrioles move to opposite poles and single fibres start to form

Question 12

Metaphase 2

Answer 12

chromosomes line up perpendicular to metaphase of meiosis 1

Spindle fibres attach to centromere of chromosome

Question 13

What is meiosis

Answer 13

creation of 4 haploid daughter cells

Question 14

G2

Answer 14

‘Gap 2”

building energy stores

manufacturing proteins to help with cell division

Question 15

What cells undergo meiossi

Answer 15

Sex cells (gametes)

Question 16

Process of spermatogenesis

Answer 16

Starts as diploid spermatogonium

2 daughter cells form through mitosis

one replaces spermatogenic, one becomes primary spermatocyte

Primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis

2 new haploid cells ar formed, secondary spermatocytes

these eventually become 2 spermatids which become sperm

Question 17

S phase

Answer 17

replication of chromosomes

Question 18

Cytokineses in plant cells

Answer 18

Cell plate forms, split

Question 19

Malignant

Answer 19

uncontrolled and spreads

Question 20

4 stages of cell cyle

Answer 20

G1
S
G2
Mitosis

Question 22

Inequality during cytokineseis

Answer 22

the two new cells created are not always equal, some get more cytoplasm

They will however have at least 1 mitochondrion

Question 23

What chromosome determines female and male

Answer 23

female: XX

Male: XY

Question 24

What is karyotpe

Answer 24

Graphical reprsentation of chromosomes which have been stained, can check for genetic disorders

Question 25

Process of creating a clone

Answer 25

Take haploid nucleus out from egg and replace with diploid nucleus

Question 26

What organisms undergo alternation of generations

Answer 26

plants!~

Question 27

Metaphase

Answer 27

chromosomes lineup side by side spindle fibres connect to centromeres

Question 28

Bening cancer

Answer 28

doesn't spread

Question 29

Anaphase

Answer 29

Chromomses are pulled apart into separate sister chromatin, spindle fibres lengthen and shorten there is now 1 set of chromosomes at each pole

Question 30

Cytokineses in animal cells

Answer 30

membrane i pinched, split

Question 31

Telophase 1

Answer 31

Doesn't happen for all cells, cytokinesis begins, some cells go straight to prophase 2

Question 32

Secondary tumour

Answer 32

after first tumour

Question 33

Anaphase 1

Answer 33

Spindle fibres pull apart tetrads into chromosomes

Question 34

Telophase 2

Answer 34

Cells undergoes cytokineses spindle fibres break down 4 new hapolid cells

Question 35

Why would cells divide (3)

Answer 35

growth/differntiation Maintenance Repair

Question 36

G1

Answer 36

"Gap 1" Rapid cell growth

Question 37

What is mitosis

Answer 37

division to form 2 identical daughter cells

Question 38

Somatic cells have ______ one form mother, one form father

Answer 38

homologous pairs

Question 39

Interphase

Answer 39

regular cell functions

Question 40

What is cytokinesis

Answer 40

division of cytoplasm and organelles

Question 41

Metaphase 1

Answer 41

Chromosomes line up in tetrad formation spindle fibres attach to centromeres

Question 42

Diploid vs haploid

Answer 42

Di, somatic cells have 2n Hap have no pairs and are n, human gametes

Question 43

Phases of Meiosis

Answer 43

Meiosis 1 and Meisosis 2

Question 44

Anaphase 2

Answer 44

Spindle fibres pull apart chromosomes into individual sister chromatids (individual chromosomes)

Question 45

What plants are haploid

Answer 45

moss

Question 46

What stage is secondary oocyte stalled at until fertilization?

Answer 46

Metaphase 2

Question 47

What are genes

Answer 47

area of DNA with specific info, specific characterisitcs