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Biology > cell division > Flashcards

cell division Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cell continuity

A

all cells develop from pre-existing cells

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2
Q

chromosomes

A

coiled threads of DNA (which form genes) and protein that becomes visible in the nucleus at cell division

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3
Q

purpose of cell division

A

replace old and damaged cells with new ones

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4
Q

somatic cell

A

non sex cells

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5
Q

gametes

A

sex cells

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6
Q

chromosome makeup

A

60% protein
40% DNA (deoxribonucleic acid)

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7
Q

chromosome amounts in organisms

A

every organism has a fixed amount of chromosomes (46 in humans)

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8
Q

haploid (n)

A

single set of chromosomes eg. 23 in gametes

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9
Q

diploid (2n)

A

double set of chromosomes eg, 46 in cheek cells

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10
Q

n= 23 so 2n=…

A

46

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11
Q

boy

A

44:xy

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12
Q

girl

A

44:xx

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13
Q

autosomes

A

non sex cells i.e, the numbered cells

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14
Q

who determines sex of child?

A

man determines due to y chromosome

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15
Q

gene

A

a section of DNA that contains the instructions for the formation of a protein. they are also the units of inheritance

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16
Q

homogolous pair

A

two similar genes, in a diploid

17
Q

cell cycle

A

the changes that take place in a cell during the period between 1 division and the next

18
Q

how is the cell cycle divided up?

A

90% interphase
10% cell division

19
Q

chromatin

A

what nucleus looks like in interphase

20
Q

mitosis

A

diploid=>diploid
somatic cells
two clone daughter cells

21
Q

meiosis

A

diploid=>haploid
-form sex cells
-different genetic info from mother
-4 daughter cells
-not identical - variation

22
Q

purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms

A

growth and repair cells

23
Q

purpose of mitosis in unicellular organisms

A

form of reproduction in bacteria/ amoeba

24
Q

interphase

A
  • cell v.active
  • new organelles formed eg, mitochondria
  • build up of protein and enzymes
  • at end the chromosomes appear doubled
    *half will go in each cell

Biology (5 decks)

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