Cell division Flashcards
What is the smallest unit of life
cell
What is the biggest organelle of a eukaryotic cell
Nucleus
What is found in the nucleus
DNA
What is DNA and what does it stand for
DNA contains genetic material and it stands for DEOXY RIBO NUCLEIC ACID
what does DNA look like inside the nucleus
DNA looks like a double stranded of a ladder and jumble up like ball of yarn
what is genetic material
Genetic material are genes or traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring
How does DNA grow and develop and reproduce
DNA reproduce through stages called interphase and mitosis
What happens during inter phase
interphase is when DNA develops and goes through replication
What does replication mean
copy or duplicate
what happens during replication
DNA replicates itself and wrap up tightly and neatly into chomatid
what is a chromatid
A DNA that is nearly wrap up (TWO CHROMATIN/singular: chromatids)
how many chromosomes does each parent pass on to there offspring
23 chromosomes form each parent
what is a chromosome
when DNA wraps around protein, it is called a chromosome
how many chromosomes do humans have
humans have 46 chromosomes
what does a gene contian
genetic traits
each segment of DNA is known as what
Gene
what happens during MITOSIS
during MITOSIS chromosomes got through 5 phases
what are the 5 phases of mitosis
PH 1: phrosphase; PH 2: metaphase; PH 3: Anaphase PH: 4 telophase PH 5: cytokines
what happens during each phase
phase 1 prophase- chromosomes appear
what happens during each phase
phase 2 metaphase- chromosomes line up
what happens during each phase
phase 3 anaphase- chromosomes separate
what happens during each phase
Phase 4 telophase- chromosomes pinch
what happens during each phase
phase 5 cytokines- two new daughter cells form
how many chromosomes do humans sex cells have
they have 23 chromosomes in each sex cells
how many chromosomes do human cells have
46 chromosomes in each human cell
what do you call a cell with a full set of chromosomes (46)
a DIPLOID cell
what do you call a cell with HALF a set of chromosomes (23)
a HAPLOID cell
Do bacteria cells go through mitosis like eukaryotic cells
no bacteria doesn’t have a nucleus
how do bacteria cells divide
bacteria cells split in half called binary fission
why do our body cell divide
our body cells dive to replace dead cells to grow and develop
what is the name of the DNA backbone called
sugar phosphate
