Cell Division Flashcards
What are gametes?
Sex cells eg. Sperm, pollen
What does haploid mean?
A cell or nucleus of a gamete that has a unpaired set of chromosomes
What is diploid?
A cell or nucleus of a cell that has a paired set of chromosomes
What is a gene?
A section of a chromosome made form DNA that carry the code to make protein
What are alleles
Two versions of the same gene, one from your mother an done from your father
What is mitosis
Cell replication that produces two identical copies of a diploid cell
What are daughter cells
The cells produces during mitosis
What is a chromatid?
A copy of a chromosome using cell division
What is cytokinesis?
The final part of the cell cycle in which a cell splits in two
What is interphase?
The active life of a cell during which the cell prepares for mitosis
What is a stem cell
An undifferentiated cell that can develop into one or more types of specialised cell
What is differentiation
To specialise or adapt for a particular function
What is the meristem
An area of a plant in which rapid cell division occurs
What is a hormone
A chemical that moves around an organism to change the function or target cells, tissues or organs
What is a clone
A genetically identical copy of something
What is genetic variation
Inherited differences in organisms
What is environmental variation
Differences in organisms as a result of the environment in which they live
Wha is ethical issue
An idea some people disagree with for religious or moral reasons
What is IVF
In vitro fertilisation - a medical procedure in which eggs are fertilised outside a woman and there placed into the uterus to develop into a baby
What is a chromosome
There are 46 of these in a normal human body cell found in 23 pairs. One of these is made up of one long strand of DNA and contains many genes
What is DNA
This contains the information to make all the proteins in the body’s no to control the cell. It is found in chromosomes and genes are sections of this.
What is a zygote?
The single new cell by the fusion of gametes in sexual reproduction
What is DNA replication
DNA replicates and each set moves to an opposite end of the cell before division
What is the cytoplasm
Liquid inside cell where chemical reactions take place
