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Biology > Cell Division > Flashcards

Cell Division Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are gametes?

A

Sex cells eg. Sperm, pollen

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2
Q

What does haploid mean?

A

A cell or nucleus of a gamete that has a unpaired set of chromosomes

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3
Q

What is diploid?

A

A cell or nucleus of a cell that has a paired set of chromosomes

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4
Q

What is a gene?

A

A section of a chromosome made form DNA that carry the code to make protein

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5
Q

What are alleles

A

Two versions of the same gene, one from your mother an done from your father

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6
Q

What is mitosis

A

Cell replication that produces two identical copies of a diploid cell

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7
Q

What are daughter cells

A

The cells produces during mitosis

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8
Q

What is a chromatid?

A

A copy of a chromosome using cell division

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9
Q

What is cytokinesis?

A

The final part of the cell cycle in which a cell splits in two

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10
Q

What is interphase?

A

The active life of a cell during which the cell prepares for mitosis

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11
Q

What is a stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell that can develop into one or more types of specialised cell

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12
Q

What is differentiation

A

To specialise or adapt for a particular function

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13
Q

What is the meristem

A

An area of a plant in which rapid cell division occurs

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14
Q

What is a hormone

A

A chemical that moves around an organism to change the function or target cells, tissues or organs

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15
Q

What is a clone

A

A genetically identical copy of something

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16
Q

What is genetic variation

A

Inherited differences in organisms

17
Q

What is environmental variation

A

Differences in organisms as a result of the environment in which they live

18
Q

Wha is ethical issue

A

An idea some people disagree with for religious or moral reasons

19
Q

What is IVF

A

In vitro fertilisation - a medical procedure in which eggs are fertilised outside a woman and there placed into the uterus to develop into a baby

20
Q

What is a chromosome

A

There are 46 of these in a normal human body cell found in 23 pairs. One of these is made up of one long strand of DNA and contains many genes

21
Q

What is DNA

A

This contains the information to make all the proteins in the body’s no to control the cell. It is found in chromosomes and genes are sections of this.

22
Q

What is a zygote?

A

The single new cell by the fusion of gametes in sexual reproduction

23
Q

What is DNA replication

A

DNA replicates and each set moves to an opposite end of the cell before division

24
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

Liquid inside cell where chemical reactions take place

25
Q

What are mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of the cell

26
Q

What is meiosis

A

Cell division in which the mother cell divides into daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes

Biology (18 decks)

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