Cell division Flashcards
Cell continuity
Cell continuity means that all cells develop from pre-existing cells
Chromosomes
Chromosomes are coiled threads of DNA (which forms genes) and protein that become visible in the nucleus at cell division
A gene
A gene is a section of DNA that contains the instructions for the formation of a protein
A haploid cell
A haploid cell has one set of chromosomes, i.e. it has only one of each type of chromosome in the nucleus
A diploid cell
A diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes, i.e. it has two of each type of chromosome in the nucleus
A homologous pair
A homologous pair is two chromosomes of similar size with the same sequence of genes
The cell cycle
The cell cycle is the changes that take place in a cell during the period between one cell division and the next
Interphase
Interphase is the phase in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing
Mitosis
Mitosis is a form of nuclear division in which one nucleus divides to form two nuclei, each containing the same number of chromosomes with identical genes
Cancer
Cancer is a group of disorders in which cells lose their ability to control both the rate of mitosis and the number of times mitosis takes place
Meiosis
Meiosis is a form of nuclear division in which the four daughter nuclei contain half the chromosome number of the parent nucleus
The centromere
The centromere is the point at which the chromosomes are attached in a double-stranded chromosome
