Cell division Flashcards
Meaning of cell division
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
How many chromosomes in a body cell?
46 (23)pair
How is does the female chromosome shape look
In females, the two chromosomes are identical in shape. There are two X chromosomes. Females are referred to as XX.
How does the male chromosome shape look like?
In males, one of the chromosomes is a different in shape. There is an X and also a Y chromosome. Males are referred to as XY.
What are the three stages of cell cycle?
Stage 1 :
Cell grows bigger
DNA replicates (chromosomes are duplicated).
Stage 2 (mitosis):
A complete set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell.
The nucleus divides to form two nuclei.
Stage 3:
Cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form two identical daughter cells.
Describe the use of stem cells
Stem cells provide new cells for the body as it grows, and replace specialised cells that are damaged or lost.
describe risks with stem cells medical research
tumour formation, inappropriate stem cell migration, immune rejection of transplanted stem cells
What is a tissue?
A tissue is a group of cells with a similar structure and function.
What is a organ?
A organ is a group of tissues working together for a specific function eg the stomach.
What are the three main nutrients for food?
Carbohydrates,protein and lipids.
What are large food molecules broken down into?
Large food molecules are broken down into small molecules by enzymes. The small molecules can then be absorbed into the bloodstream.
