Cell Death

Question 1

What is apoptosis?

Answer 1

Programmed cell death

Question 2

What protein triggers apoptosis?
What does it detect?

Answer 2

p53 protein
DNA damage within the cell

Question 3

Name some examples of disturbed apoptosis?

Answer 3

AIDS - accelerated apoptosis
Neoplasia - lack of apoptosis

Question 4

How does apoptosis contribute to development?

Answer 4

Apoptosis of interdigital webs - cells between fingers die

Question 5

How does apoptosis contribute to cell turnover?

Answer 5

Continuous turnover of villi in duodenum
Balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis

Question 6

How is apoptosis regulated?

Inhibitors and inducers

Answer 6

Inhibitors - growth factor, extracellular matrix, sex steroids
Inducers - growth factor withdrawal, loss of matrix attachment, glucocorticoids, radiation, DNA damage

Question 7

What is necrosis?

Answer 7

Traumatic cell death

Question 8

What are some example of necrosis?

Answer 8

Myocardial/cerebral infarction
Frostbite
Venom
Pancreatitis
Avascular necrosis

Question 9

Name 4 appearances of necrosis

Answer 9

Coagulative
Liquefactive
Caseous
Gangrene

Question 10

What disease does caseous necrosis point to?

Answer 10

Tuberculosis